9. Mahāsatipaṭṭhānasutta.

Uddesavārakathāvaṇṇanā

[372] Evamme sutanti mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttaṃ. Tatrāyaṃ anupubbapadavaṇṇanā:-

[373] Ekāyano ayaṃ bhikkhave maggoti kasmā bhagavā idaṃ suttamabhāsi? kururaṭṭhavāsīnaṃ gambhīradesanāpaṭiggahaṇasamatthatāya. Kururaṭṭhavāsino kira bhikkhubhikkhuniyo upāsakaupāsikāyo ca utusappāyādisampannattā tassa raṭṭhassa sappāyautupaccayasevanena niccaṃ kallasarīrā kallacittā ca honti. Te cittasarīra- kallatāya anuggahitapaññābalā gambhīrakathaṃ paṭiggahetuṃ samatthā honti. Tena tesaṃ bhagavā imaṃ gambhīradesanāpaṭiggahaṇasamatthataṃ sampassanto ekavīsatiyā ṭhānesu kammaṭṭhānaṃ arahatte pakkhipitvā idaṃ gambhīratthaṃ mahāsatipaṭṭhānasuttaṃ abhāsi. Yathā hi puriso suvaṇṇacaṅkoṭakaṃ labhitvā tattha nānāpupphāni pakkhipeyya, suvaṇṇamañjusaṃ vā pana labhitvā satta ratanāni pakkhipeyya, evaṃ bhagavāpi kururaṭṭhavāsiparisaṃ labhitvā gambhīradesanaṃ ṭhapesi. Tenevettha aññānipi gambhīratthāni imasmiṃ dīghanikāye mahānidānaṃ, majjhimanikāye satipaṭṭhānaṃ, sāropamaṃ, rukkhopamaṃ, raṭṭhapālaṃ, māgaṇḍiyaṃ, āneñjasappāyanti aññānipi suttāni desesi.

Apica tasmiṃ janapade catasso parisā pakatiyāva satipaṭṭhāna- bhāvanānuyogamanuyuttā viharanti, antamaso dāsakammakarāpi satipaṭṭhānapaṭisaṃyuttameva kathaṃ kathenti. Udakatitthasuttakantanaṭṭhānādīsupi niratthakakathā nāma nappavattati. Sace kāci itthī "amma tvaṃ kataraṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ manasikarosī"ti pucchitā "na kiñcī"ti vadati, taṃ garahanti "dhiratthu tava jīvitaṃ, jīvamānāpi tvaṃ matasadisā"ti. Atha naṃ "mādāni puna evamakāsī"ti ovaditvā aññataraṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ uggaṇhāpenti. Yā pana "ahaṃ asukaṃ satipaṭṭhānaṃ nāma manasikaromī"ti vadati, tassā "sādhu sādhū"ti sādhukāraṃ datvā "sujīvitaṃ tava jīvitaṃ, tvaṃ nāma manussattaṃ

Na kevalaṃ cettha manussajātikāva satipaṭṭhānamanasikārayuttā, te nissāya viharantā tiracchānagatāpi.

Tatrīdaṃ vatthu:- eko kira naṭako suvapotakaṃ gahetvā sikkhāpento vicarati. So bhikkhunūpassayaṃ upanissāya vasitvā gamanakāle suvapotakaṃ pammussitvā gato. Taṃ sāmaṇeriyo gahetvā paṭijaggiṃsu. Buddharakkhitotissa nāmaṃ akaṃsu. Taṃ ekadivasaṃ purato nisinnaṃ disvā mahātherī āha "buddharakkhitā"ti. Kiṃ ayyeti. Atthi te koci bhāvanāmanasikāroti. Natthi ayyeti. Āvuso pabbajitānaṃ santike vasantena nāma visaṭṭhaattabhāvena vasituṃ na vaṭṭati, kocideva manasikāro icchitabbo, tvaṃ pana aññaṃ na sakkhissasi, "aṭṭhi aṭṭhī"ti sajjhāyaṃ karohīti. So theriyā ovāde ṭhatvā "aṭṭhi aṭṭhī"ti sajjhāyaṃ karonto carati.

Taṃ ekadivasaṃ pātova toraṇagge nisīditvā bālātapaṃ tappamānaṃ ekā sakuṇagghī nakhapañjarena aggahesi. So "kiri kirī"ti saddamakāsi. Sāmaṇeriyo sutvā "ayye buddharakkhito sakuṇena gahito, mocema nan"ti leḍḍuādīni gahetvā anubandhitvā mocesuṃ. Taṃ ānetvā purato ṭhapitaṃ therī āha "buddharakkhita sakuṇena gahitakāle kiṃ cintesī"ti. Ayye ahaṃ na kiñci cintemi, aṭṭhipuñjova aṭṭhipuñjaṃ gahetvā gacchati, katarasmiṃ ṭhāne vippakirissatīti evaṃ ayye aṭṭhipuñjameva cintesinti. Sādhu sādhu buddharakkhita anāgate bhavakkhayassa te paccayo bhavissatīti. Evaṃ tattha tiracchānagatāpi satipaṭṭhānamanuyuttā. Tasmā nesaṃ bhagavā satipaṭṭhānavuḍḍhimeva jānanto idaṃ suttaṃ abhāsi.

Tattha ekāyanoti ekamaggo. Maggassa hi:-

maggo pantho patho pajjo añjasaṃ vaṭumāyanaṃ

nāvā uttarasetu ca kullo ca bhisisaṅkamoti

@4 cha.Ma. satipaṭṭhānabuddhimeva janento

Bahūni nāmāni. Svāyamidha ayananāmena vutto, tasmā ekāyano ayaṃ bhikkhave maggoti ettha ekamaggo ayaṃ bhikkhave maggo na dvedhā pathabhūtoti evamattho daṭṭhabbo,

athavā ekena ayitabboti ekāyano. Ekenāti gaṇasaṅgaṇikaṃ pahāya vūpakaṭṭhena pavivittena. Ayitabboti paṭipajjitabbo, ayanti vā etenāti ayano, saṃsārato nibbānaṃ gacchantīti attho. Ekassa ayano ekāyano. Ekassāti seṭṭhassa. Sabbasattaseṭṭho ca so bhagavā, tasmā bhagavatoti vuttaṃ hoti. Kiñcāpi hi tena aññepi ayanti, evaṃ santepi bhagavatova so ayano tena uppāditattā. Yathāha "so hi brāhmaṇa bhagavā anuppannassa maggassa uppādetā"ti ādi. Ayatīti vā ayano, gacchati pavattatīti attho. Ekasmiṃ ayanoti ekāyano, imasmiṃyeva dhammavinaye pavattati, na aññatthāti vuttaṃ hoti. Yathāha "imasmiṃ kho subhadda dhammavinaye ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo upalabbhatī"ti desanābhedoyeva heso, atthato panekova. Apica ekaṃ ayatīti ekāyano. Pubbabhāge nānāmukhabhāvanānayappavattopi aparabhāge ekaṃ nibbānameva gacchatīti vuttaṃ hoti. Yathāha brahmā sahampati:-

ekāyanaṃ jātikhayantadassī

maggaṃ pajānāti hitānukampī

etena maggena tariṃsu pubbe

tarissanti ye ca taranti oghanti

keci pana "na pāraṃ diguṇaṃ yantī"ti gāthānayena yasmā ekavāraṃ nibbānaṃ gacchati, tasmā "ekāyano"ti vadanti, taṃ na yujjati. Imassa hi atthassa sakiṃ ayanoti iminā byañjanena bhavitabbaṃ. Yadi pana ekaṃ ayanamassa ekā gati pavattatīti evaṃ atthaṃ yojetvā vucceyya, byañjanaṃ yujjeyya, attho

@4 dī.mahā. 10/214 mahāparinibbānasutta 5-5 ka. tarissare ceva taranti coghanti.

@(saṃ.mahā. 19/389 brahmasutta, 19/409 maggasutta) 6 khu,su. 25/720 nālakasutta Pana ubhayathāpi na yujjati. Kasmā? idha pubbabhāgamaggassa adhippetattā. Kāyādicatuārammaṇappavatto hi pubbabhāgasatipaṭṭhānamaggo idha adhippeto, na lokuttaro, so ca anekavāraṃpi ayati, anekañcassa ayanaṃ hoti.

Pubbepi ca imasmiṃ pade mahātherānaṃ sākacchā ahosi. Tipiṭakacūḷanāgatthero pubbabhāgasatipaṭṭhānamaggoti āha. Ācariyo panassa tipiṭakacūḷasumanatthero missakamaggoti āha. Pubbabhāgo bhanteti. Missako āvusoti. Ācariye pana punappunaṃ bhaṇante bhaṇante apaṭibāhitvā tuṇhī ahosi. Pañhaṃ avinicchinitvāva uṭṭhahiṃsu. Athācariyatthero nhānakoṭṭhakaṃ gacchanto "mayā missakamaggo kathito, cūḷanāgo pubbabhāgamaggoti ādāya voharati, ko nukho ettha vinicchayo"ti suttantaṃ ādito paṭṭhāya parivattento "yo hi koci bhikkhave ime cattāro satipaṭṭhāne evaṃ bhāveyya satta vassānī"ti imasmiṃ ṭhāne sallakkhesi. Lokuttaramaggo uppajjitvā satta vassāni tiṭṭhamāno nāma natthi, mayā vutto missakamaggo na labbhati. Cūḷanāgena diṭṭho pubbabhāgamaggo ca labbhatīti ñatvā aṭṭhamiyaṃ dhammassavane saṅghuṭṭhe agamāsi.

Porāṇakattherā kira piyadhammassavanā honti, saddaṃ sutvā ca "ahaṃ paṭhamaṃ ahaṃ paṭhaman"ti ekappahāreneva osaranti. Tasmiṃpi divase cūḷanāgattherassa vāro, tena dhammāsane nisīditvā vījaniṃ gahetvā pubbagāthāsu vuttāsu therassa āsanapiṭṭhiyaṃ ṭhitassa etadahosi "raho nisīditvā na vakkhāmī"ti. Porāṇakattherā hi anusuyyakā honti. Na attano rucimeva ucchubhāraṃ viya evaṃ ukkhipitvā vicaranti, kāraṇameva gaṇhanti, akāraṇaṃ visajjenti. Tasmā thero "āvuso cūḷanāgā"ti āha. So ācariyassa viya saddoti dhammaṃ ṭhapetvā "kiṃ bhante"ti āha. Āvuso cūḷanāga mayā vutto missakamaggo na labbhati, tayā vutto pubbabhāgasatipaṭṭhānamaggova labbhatīti. Thero cintesi "amhākaṃ ācariyo sabbapariyattidharo tepiṭakasutabuddho, evarūpassapi nāma bhikkhuno ayaṃ pañho āluḷeti, anāgate dhammakathikā imaṃ pañhaṃ āluḷessantīti suttaṃ gahetvā imaṃ pañhaṃ

Maggānaṭṭhaṅgiko seṭṭho saccānaṃ caturo padā