๕. กุณฑธานเถรคาถา

152. 5. Kuṇḍadhānattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

pañca chinde pañca jaheti āyasmato kuṇḍadhānattherasasa gāthā. Kā uppatti?

so kira padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle haṃsavatīnagare kulagehe uppanno vayappatto heṭṭhā vuttanayeneva bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā dhammaṃ suṇanto satthārā ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ paṭhamaṃ salākaṃ gaṇhantānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapiyamānaṃ disvā taṃ ṭhānantaraṃ patthetvā tadanurūpaṃ puññaṃ karonto vicari. So ekadivasaṃ padumuttarassa bhagavato nirodhasamāpattito vuṭṭhāya nisinnassa manosilācuṇṇapiñjaraṃ mahantaṃ kadaliphalakaṇṇikaṃ upanesi, taṃ bhagavā paṭiggahetvā paribhuñji. So tena puññakammena ekādasakkhattuṃ devesu devarajjaṃ kāresi. Catuvīsativāre rājā ahosi cakkavattī. Evaṃ so punappunaṃ puññāni katvā aparāparaṃ devamanussesu saṃsaranto kassapabuddhakāle bhummadevatā hutvā nibbatti. Dīghāyukabuddhānaṃ ca nāma na anvaddhamāsiko uposatho hoti. Tathā hi vipassissa bhagavato chabbassantare 1- uposatho ahosi. Kassapadasabalo pana chaṭṭhe chaṭṭhe māse pāṭimokkhaṃ osāresi. Tassa pāṭimokkhassa osāraṇakāle 2- disāvāsikā dve sahāyakā 3- bhikkhū "uposathaṃ karissāmā"ti gacchanti.

Ayaṃ bhummadevatā cintesi "imesaṃ dvinnaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ metti ativiya daḷhā, kiṃ nu kho bhedake sati bhijjeyyuṃ na bhijjeyyun"ti, 4- sā 5- tesaṃ okāsaṃ olokayamānā tesaṃ avidūreneva gacchati. Atheko thero ekassa hatthe pattacīvaraṃ datvā sarīravalañjanatthaṃ udakaphāsukaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā dhotahatthapādo hutvā gumbasamīpato nikkhamati.

@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. chabbassantare chabbassantare 2 Ma. pātimokkhaṃ osāradesanākāle 3 Ma. sahāyā

@4 cha.Ma. bhijjeyya na bhijjeyyāti 5 Ma. ayaṃ pāṭho na dissati Bhummadevatā tassa therassa pacchato 1- gacchantī 2- uttamarūpā itthī hutvā kese vidhunitvā saṃvidhāya sambandhantī viya piṭṭhiyaṃ paṃsuṃ puñchamānā viya sāṭakaṃ saṃvidhāya nivāsayamānā viya ca hutvā therassa padānupadikā hutvā gumbato nikkhantā. Ekamante ṭhito sahāyakatthero taṃ kāraṇaṃ disvāva domanassajāto "naṭṭho dāni me iminā bhikkhunā saddhiṃ dīgharattānugato sineho, sacāhaṃ evaṃ viruḷhabhāvaṃ 3- jāneyyaṃ, ettakaṃ addhānaṃ iminā saddhiṃ vissāsaṃ na kareyyan"ti cintetvā āgacchantassevassa "handāvuso 4- tuyhaṃ pattacīvaraṃ, tādisena pāpena saddhiṃ ekamaggaṃ 5- nāgacchāmī"ti āha. Taṃ kathaṃ sutvā tassa lajjībhikkhuno hadayaṃ tikhiṇasattiṃ gahetvā viddhaṃ viya ahosi. Tato naṃ āha "āvuso kiṃ nāmetaṃ vadasi, ahaṃ ettakaṃ kālaṃ dukkaṭamattaṃpi āpattiṃ na jānāmi. Tvaṃ pana maṃ ajja' pāpo'ti vadasi, kiṃ te diṭṭhan"ti. Kiṃ aññena diṭṭhena, kiṃ tvaṃ evaṃvidhena alaṅkatapaṭiyattena mātugāmena saddhiṃ ekaṭṭhāne hutvā nikkhantoti. 6- Natthetaṃ āvuso mayhaṃ, nāhaṃ evarūpaṃ mātugāmaṃ passāmīti. Tassa yāvatatiyaṃ kathentassāpi itaro thero kathaṃ asaddahitvā 7- attanā diṭṭhakāraṇaṃyeva bhūtatthaṃ 8- katvā gaṇhanto tena saddhiṃ ekamaggena agantvā aññena maggena satthu santikaṃ gato. Itaropi bhikkhu aññena maggena satthu santikaṃyeva gato.

Tato bhikkhusaṃghassa uposathāgāraṃ pavisanavelāya so bhikkhu taṃ bhikkhuṃ uposathagge sañjānitvā "imasmiṃ uposathagge evarūpo nāma bhikkhu 9- atthi, nāhaṃ tena saddhiṃ uposathaṃ karissāmī"ti nikkhamitvā bahi aṭṭhāsi. Atha bhummadevatā "bhāriyaṃ mayā kammaṃ katan"ti mahallakaupāsakavaṇṇena tassa santikaṃ gantvā "kasmā bhante ayyo imasmiṃ ṭhāne ṭhito"ti āha. "upāsaka imaṃ uposathaggaṃ eko pāpabhikkhu

@Footnote: 1 Sī. pacchato pacchato gacchantī 2 cha.Ma. ayaṃ pāṭho na dissati 3 cha.Ma. evaṃvidhabhāvaṃ,

@ Ma. evaṃ viraddhabhāvaṃ 4 Sī. gaṇhāvuso 5 Sī. ekamaggena 6 Sī. na nikkhantoti

@7 Sī. na tassa kathaṃ saddahi 8 cha.Ma. bhūtattaṃ, Sī. bhūtatthikaṃ 9 cha.Ma. pāpabhikkhu Paviṭṭho, ahaṃ tena saddhiṃ uposathaṃ na karomī"ti bahi 1- ṭhitomhīti. Bhante mā evaṃ gaṇhatha, parisuddhasīlo esa bhikkhu. Tumhehi diṭṭhamātugāmo nāma ahaṃ, 2- mayā tumhākaṃ vīmaṃsanatthāya "daḷhakā 3- nu kho imesaṃ therānaṃ metti, no daḷhakā"ti lajjībhāvaṃ 4- olokentena taṃ kammaṃ katanti. Ko pana tvaṃ sappurisāti. Ahaṃ ekā bhummadevatā bhanteti. Devaputto kathento 5- dibbānubhāve na ṭhatvā therassa pādesu nipatitvā 6- "mayhaṃ bhante khamatha, etaṃ dosaṃ thero na jānāti, uposathaṃ karothā"ti theraṃ yācitvā uposathaggaṃ pavesesi. So thero uposathaṃ tāva ekaṭṭhāne akāsi, mittasanthavavasena pana puna tena saddhiṃ na ekaṭṭhāne ahosīti. 7- Imassa therassa kammaṃ na kathiyati, cuditakatthero pana aparāparaṃ vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Bhummadevatā tassa kammassa nissandena ekaṃ buddhantaraṃ apāyabhayato nimuñcittha. 8- Sace pana kismiñci kāle manussattaṃ āgacchati, aññena yena kenaci kato doso tasseva upari patati. So amhākaṃ bhagavato kāle sāvatthiyaṃ brāhmaṇakule nibbatti. "dhānamāṇavo"tissa nāmaṃ akaṃsu. So vayappatto tayo vede uggaṇhitvā mahallaka- kāle satthu dhammadesanaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbaji, tassa upasampannadivasato 9- paṭṭhāya ekā alaṅkatapaṭiyattā itthī tasmiṃ gāmaṃ pavisante saddhiṃyeva gāmaṃ pavisati, nikkhamante nikkhamati. Vihāraṃ pavisantepi saddhiṃ pavisati, tiṭṭhantepi tiṭṭhatīti evaṃ niccānubandhā paññāyati. Thero taṃ na passati. Tassa pana purimakammanissandena sā aññesaṃ upaṭṭhāti. Gāme yāguṃ bhikkhañca dadamānā itthiyo "bhante ayaṃ eko yāguuḷuṅko tumhākaṃ, eko imissā amhākaṃ sahāyikāyā"ti parihāsaṃ karonti. Therassa mahatī vihesā hoti. Vihāragataṃpi naṃ sāmaṇerā ceva daharā

@Footnote: 1 Sī. karomīti vatvā nikkhamitvā bahi 2 Sī. nañño ahameva 3 cha.Ma. daḷhā

@4 cha.Ma. bhijjanābhijjanabhāvaṃ, Sī. udāhu no daḷhāti lajjialajjibhāvaṃ

@5 Sī. kathento kathentova 6 Ma. patitvā 7 Sī. ekaṭṭhāne vasīti

@8 cha.Ma. na muccittha 9 Sī. paṭiladdhasaddho sāsane pabbajitvā upasampanno ahosi Bhikkhū ca parivāretvā "dhāno kuṇḍo 1- jāto"ti parihāsaṃ karonti. Athassa teneva kāraṇena kuṇḍadhānattheroti nāmaṃ jātaṃ. So uṭṭhāya samuṭṭhāya tehi kayiramānaṃ keḷiṃ sahituṃ asakkonto ummādaṃ gahetvā "tumhe koṇḍā, tumhākaṃ upajjhāyo koṇḍo, ācariyo koṇḍo"ti vadati. Atha naṃ satthu ārocesuṃ "koṇḍadhāno bhante daharasāmaṇerehi saddhiṃ evaṃ pharusavācaṃ vadatī"ti. Satthā taṃ pakkosāpetvā "saccaṃ kira tvaṃ dhāna sāmaṇerehi saddhiṃ pharusavācaṃ vadasī"ti vatvā tena "saccaṃ bhagavā"ti vutte "kasmā evaṃ vadasī"ti 2- āha. Bhante nibaddhaṃ vihesaṃ asahanto 3- evaṃ kathemīti. "tvaṃ pubbe katakammaṃ yāvajjadivasā jīrāpetuṃ na sakkosi, puna evarūpaṃ pharusaṃ māvadi 4- bhikkhū"ti vatvā āha:-

"māvoca pharusaṃ kañci vuttā paṭivadeyyu taṃ

dukkhā hi sārambhakathā paṭidaṇḍā phuseyyu taṃ.

Sace neresi attānaṃ kaṃso upahato yathā

esa pattosi nibbānaṃ sārambho te na vijjatī"ti. 5-

Imañca pana tassa therassa mātugāmena saddhiṃ vicaraṇabhāvaṃ kosalaraññopi kathayiṃsu. Rājā "gacchatha bhaṇe vīmaṃsathā"ti pesetvā sayaṃpi mandeneva parivārena therassa vasanaṭṭhānaṃ gantvā ekamante olokento aṭṭhāsi. Tasmiṃ khaṇe thero sūcikammaṃ karonto nisinno hoti, sāpi itthī avidūre ṭhāne ṭhitā viya paññāyati. Rājā disvā "atthidaṃ kāraṇan"ti tassā ṭhitaṭṭhānaṃ agamāsi. Sā tasmiṃ āgacchante 6- therassa vasanapaṇṇasālaṃ paviṭṭhā viya ahosi. Rājāpi tāya saddhiṃ tameva paṇṇasālaṃ pavisitvā sabbattha olokento adisvā "nāyaṃ mātugāmo, therassa eko 7- kammavipāko"ti saññaṃ katvā paṭhamaṃ therassa samīpena gacchantopi

@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. koṇḍo 2 cha.Ma. vadesīti 3 Sī. vihesaṃ sahituṃ asahanto

@4 Ma. mā vadasi 5 khu.dhamMa. 25/133-4/40 koṇḍadhānattheravatthu

@6 Sī. āgacchante āgacchante 7 Ma. eso Theraṃ avanditvā tassa kāraṇassa abhūtabhāvaṃ ñatvā āgamma theraṃ vanditvā ekamantaṃ nisinno "kacci bhante piṇḍakena na kilamathā"ti pucchi. Thero "vaṭṭati mahārājā"ti āha. "jānāmahaṃ bhante 1- ayyassa kathaṃ, 2- evarūpena parikkilesena saddhiṃ carantānaṃ tumhākaṃ ke nāma pasīdissanti, ito paṭṭhāya vo bhikkhu 3- gamanakiccaṃ natthi, ahaṃ catūhi paccayehi tumhe upaṭṭhahissāmi, tumhe yoniso manasikāre mā pamajjathā"ti 4- nibaddhaṃ bhikkhaṃ paṭṭhapesi. Thero rājānaṃ upatthamthakaṃ labhitvā bhojana- sappāyena ekaggacitto hutvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tato paṭṭhāya sā itthī antaradhāyi.

Tadā mahāsubhaddā ugganagare micchādiṭṭhikakule vasamānā "satthā maṃ anukampatū"ti uposathaṃ adhiṭṭhāya nirāmagandhā hutvā uparipāsādatale ṭhitā "imāni pupphāni antare aṭhatvā dasabalassa matthake vitānaṃ hutvā tiṭṭhantu, dasabalo imāya saññāya sve pañcahi bhikkhusatehi saddhiṃ mayhaṃ bhikkhaṃ gaṇhatū"ti saccakiriyaṃ katvā aṭṭha sumanapupphamuṭṭhiyo vissajjesi. Pupphāni gantvā dhammadesanāvelāya satthu matthake vitānaṃ hutvā aṭṭhaṃsu. Satthā taṃ sumanapupphavitānaṃ disvā citteneva subhaddāya bhikkhaṃ adhivāsetvā punadivase aruṇe uṭṭhite ānandattheraṃ āha "ānanda mayaṃ ajja dūraṃ bhikkhācāraṃ gamissāma, puthujjanānaṃ adatvā ariyānaṃyeva salākaṃ dehī"ti. Thero bhikkhūnaṃ ārocesi "āvuso satthā ajja dūraṃ bhikkhācāraṃ gamissati, puthujjanā mā gaṇhantu, ariyāva salākaṃ gaṇhantū"ti. Kuṇḍadhānatthero "āhara 5- āvuso salākan"ti paṭhamaṃyeva hatthaṃ pasāresi. Ānando 6- "satthā tādisānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ salākaṃ na dāpeti, ariyānaṃyeva dāpehī"ti vitakkaṃ uppādetvā gantvā satthu ārocesi. Satthā "āharāpentassa salākaṃ dehī"ti āha. Thero cintesi

@Footnote: 1 Ma. jānāma bhante 2 Sī. ayyakānaṃ 3 cha.Ma. katthaci

@4 cha.Ma. pamajjitthāti 5 Sī. āha āhara 6 Sī. āvuso "sace kuṇḍadhānassa salākā dātuṃ na yuttā, 1- atha satthā paṭibāheyya, bhavissati ettha kāraṇan"ti "kuṇḍadhānassa salākaṃ dassāmī"ti gamanaṃ abhinīhari. Kuṇḍadhāno tassa pure āgamanāeva abhiññāpādakaṃ catutthajjhānaṃ samāpajjitvā iddhiyā ākāse ṭhatvā "āharāvuso ānanda satthā maṃ jānāti, mādisaṃ bhikkhuṃ paṭhamaṃ salākaṃ gaṇhantaṃ na satthā nivāretī"ti hatthaṃ pasāretvā salākaṃ gaṇhi. Satthā taṃ atthuppattiṃ katvā theraṃ imasmiṃ sāsane paṭhamaṃ salākaṃ gaṇhantānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi. Yasmā ayaṃ thero rājānaṃ upatthambhakaṃ labhitvā sappāyāhāralābhena samāhitacitto vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto upanissayasampannatāya chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne 2-:-

"sattāhaṃ paṭisallīnaṃ sayambhuṃ aggapuggalaṃ

pasannacitto sumano buddhaseṭṭhaṃ upaṭṭhahiṃ.

Vuṭṭhitaṃ 3- kālamaññāya padumuttaraṃ mahāmuniṃ

mahantiṃ kadalīkaṇṇiṃ gahetvā upagacchahaṃ.

Paṭiggahetvā bhagavā sabbaññū lokanāyako

mama cittaṃ pasādento paribhuñji mahāmuni.

Paribhuñjitvā sambuddho satthavāho anuttaro

sakāsane nisīditvā imā gāthā abhāsatha.

Ye ca santi samītāro 4- yakkhā imamhi pabbate

araññe bhūtagaṇā sabbe 5- suṇantu vacanaṃ mama.

Yo so buddhaṃ upaṭṭhāsi migarājaṃva kesariṃ

tamahaṃ kittayissāmi suṇātha mama bhāsato.

@Footnote: 1 na yuttā assa, mano.pū. 1/211 kuṇḍadhānattheravatthuvaṇṇanāyaṃ saṃsandetabbaṃ

@2 khu.apa. 32/1/116 kuṇḍadhānattherāpadāna 3 Sī. uṭṭhitaṃ

@4 i. ye vasanti sametāro 5 cha.Ma., i. araññe bhūtabhabyāni

Ekādasañcakkhattuṃ so devarājā bhavissati

catuttiṃsatikkhattuñca 1- cakkavattī bhavissati.

Kappasatasahassamhi okkākakulasambhavo

gotamo nāma gottena satthā loke bhavissati.

Akkositvāna samaṇe sīlavante anāsave

pāpakammavipākena nāmadheyyaṃ labhissati. 2-

Tassa dhamme sudāyādo oraso dhammanimmito

kuṇḍadhānoti nāmena sāvako so bhavissati.

Pavivekaṃ anuyutto jhāyī jhānarato ahaṃ

tosayitvāna satthāraṃ viharāmi anāsavo.

Sāvakehi 3- parivuto bhikkhusaṃghapurakkhato

bhikkhusaṃghe nisīditvā salākaṃ gāhayī jino.

Ekaṃsaṃ cīvaraṃ katvā vanditvā lokanāyakaṃ

vadataṃ varassa purato paṭhamaṃ aggahesahaṃ.

Tena kammena bhagavā dasasahassikampako

bhikkhusaṃghe nisīditvā aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi maṃ.

Vīriyaṃ me dhuradhorayhaṃ yogakkhemādhivāhanaṃ

dhāremi antimaṃ dehaṃ sammāsambuddhasāsane.

Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ .pe. kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan"ti.

Evaṃbhūtassapi imassa therassa guṇe 4- ajānantā ye puthujjanā bhikkhū tadā paṭhamaṃ salākaggahaṇe "kiṃ nu kho etan"ti samacintesuṃ. Tesaṃ vimatividhamanatthaṃ thero ākāsaṃ abbhuggantvā iddhipāṭihāriyaṃ dassetvā aññāpadesena aññaṃ

@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. catuvīsatikkhattuñca 2 Ma. bhavissati 3 Sī., i. sāvakaggehi 4 Sī. guṇaṃ Byākaronto:-

1- "pañca chinde pañca jahe pañca cuttari bhāvaye

pañcasaṅgātigo bhikkhu oghatiṇṇoti vuccatī"ti gāthaṃ abhāsi. 1-

Tattha pañca chindeti apāyūpapattinibbattanakāni 2- pañcorambhāgiyāni sañyojanāni pāde bandhanarajjukaṃ 3- viya puriso satthena heṭṭhimamaggattayena chindeyya pajaheyya. Pañca jaheti uparidevalokūpapattihetubhūtāni 4- pañcuddhambhāgiyasañyojanāni puriso gīvāya bandhanarajjukaṃ viya arahattamaggena jaheyya, chindeyya vāti attho. Pañca cuttari bhāvayeti tesaṃyeva uddhambhāgiyasañyojanānaṃ pahānāya saddhādīni pañcindriyāni uttari anāgāmimaggādhigamato upari 5- bhāveyya aggamaggādhigamavasena vaḍḍheyya. Pañcasaṅgātigoti evaṃbhūto pana pañcannaṃ rāgadosamohamānadiṭṭhisaṅgānaṃ atikkamena pahānena pañcasaṅgātigo hutvā. Bhikkhu oghatiṇṇoti vuccatīti sabbathā bhinnakilesatāya bhikkhūti, kāmabhavadiṭṭhiavijjoghe taritvā tesaṃ pārabhūte nibbāne ṭhitoti ca 6- vuccatīti attho.

Kuṇḍadhānattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.