๖. เสขสูตร ที่ ๑

6. Paṭhamasekhasuttavaṇṇanā

Chaṭṭhe sekhassāti ettha kenaṭṭhena sekho? sekkhadhammapaṭilābhato sekho. Vuttañhetaṃ:-

"kittāvatā nu kho bhante sekho hotīti, idha bhikkhu sekhāya

sammādiṭṭhiyā samannāgato hoti .pe. Sekhena sammāsamādhinā

samannāgato hoti. Ettāvatā kho bhikkhu sekho hotī"ti. 1-

Apica sikkhatīti sekho. Vuttampi cetaṃ:-

"sikkhatīti kho bhikkhu tasmā sekhoti vuccati. Kiñca sikkhati,

adhisīlampi sikkhati, adhicittampi sikkhati, adhipaññampi sikkhati, sikkhatīti

kho bhikkhu tasmā sekhoti vuccatī"ti. 2-

Yopi kalyāṇaputhujjano anulomapaṭipadāya paripūrakārī sīlasampanno indriyesu guttadvāro bhojane mattaññū jāgariyānuyogamanuyutto pubbarattāpararattaṃ

@Footnote: 1 saṃ.mahā. 19/13/11 2 aṅ.tika. 20/86/225 Bodhipakkhiyānaṃ dhammānaṃ bhāvanānuyogamanuyutto viharati "ajja vā sev vā aññataraṃ sāmaññaphalaṃ adhigamissāmī"ti, sopi vuccati sikkhatīti sekhoti. Imasmiṃ atthe na paṭivijjhantova sekho adhippeto, atha kho kalyāṇaputhujjanopi. Appattaṃ mānasaṃ etenāti appattamānaso. Mānasanti "antalikkhacaro pāso yvāyaṃ carati mānaso"ti. 1- Ettha rāgo mānasanti vutto. "cittaṃ mano mānasan"ti 2- ettha cittaṃ. "appattamānaso sekho, kālaṃ kayirā janesutā"ti 3- ettha arahattaṃ. Idhāpi arahattameva adhippetaṃ. Tena appattārahattassāti vuttaṃ hoti.

Anuttaranti seṭṭhaṃ, asadisanti attho. Catūhi yogehi khemaṃ anupaddutanti yogakkhemaṃ, arahattameva adhippetaṃ. Patthayamānassāti dve patthanā taṇhāpatthanā kusalacchandapatthanā ca. "patthayamānassa hi jappitāni, paveditaṃ vāpi pakappitesū"ti ettha taṇhāpatthanā.

"../../bdpicture/chinnaṃ pāpimato sotaṃ viddhastaṃ vinaḷīkataṃ

pāmojjabahulā hotha khemaṃ patthetha bhikkhavo"ti 4- ettha kattukamyatākusalacchandapatthanā, ayameva idhādhippetā. Tena patthayamānassāti taṃ yogakkhemaṃ gantukāmassa tanninnassa tappoṇassa tappabbhārassāti attho. Viharatoti ekaṃ iriyāpathadukkhaṃ aññena iriyāpathena vicchinditvā aparipatantaṃ attabhāvaṃ harato. Atha vā "sabbe saṅkhārā aniccāti adhimuccanto saddhāya viharatī"tiādinā niddesanayena cettha attho daṭṭhabbo. Ajjhattikanti niyakajjhattasaṅkhāte ajjhatte bhavaṃ ajjhattikaṃ. Aṅganti kāraṇaṃ. Iti karitvāti evaṃ katvā. Na aññaṃ ekaṅgampi samanupassāmīti ettha ayaṃ saṅkhepattho:-

@Footnote: 1 vi.mahā. 4/332/8, saṃ.sa. 15/151/135 2 abhi.saṅ. 34/65/32

@3 saṃ.sa. 15/159/146 4 mū.Ma. 12/352/315 Bhikkhave ajjhattaṃ attano santāne samuṭṭhitaṃ kāraṇanti katvā aññaṃ ekakāraṇampi na samanupassāmi yaṃ evaṃ bahūpakāraṃ, yathayidaṃ yoniso manasikāroti upāyamanasikāro pathamanasikāro aniccādīsu aniccādinayeneva manasikāro, aniccānulomikena vā cittassa 1- āvajjanā anvāvajjanā 1- ābhogo samannāhāro manasikāro, ayaṃ yoniso manasikāro.

Idāni yoniso manasikārassa ānubhāvaṃ dassetuṃ "yoniso bhikkhave bhikkhu manasi karonto akusalaṃ pajahati, kusalaṃ bhāvetī"ti vuttaṃ. Tattha yoniso manasi karontoti "idaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo ariyasaccaṃ, ayaṃ dukkhanirodho ariyasaccaṃ, ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccan"ti catūsu ariyasaccesu yonisomanasikāraṃ pavattento.

Tatrāyaṃ atthavibhāvanā:- yadipi idaṃ suttaṃ avisesena sekkhapuggalavasena āgataṃ, catumaggasādhāraṇavasena pana saṅkhepeneva kammaṭṭhānaṃ kathayissāma. Yo catusaccakammaṭṭhāniko yogāvacaro "taṇhāvajjā tebhūmakā khandhā dukkhaṃ, taṇhā dukkhasamudayo 2- ubhinnaṃ appavatti nirodho, nirodhasampāpako maggo"ti evaṃ pubbe eva ācariyasantike uggahitacatusaccakammaṭṭhāno, so aparena samayena vipassanāmaggaṃ samāruḷho samāno tebhūmake khandhe "idaṃ dukkhan"ti yoniso manasikaroti, upāyena pathena samannāharati ceva vipassati ca, vipassanā hi idha manasikārasīsena vuttā. Yā panāyantassa dukkhassa samuṭṭhāpikā purimabhavikā taṇhā, ayaṃ dukkhasamudayoti yoniso manasikaroti. Yasmā pana idaṃ dukkhaṃ ayañca samudayo idaṃ ṭhānaṃ patvā nirujjhanti nappavattanti, tasmā yadidaṃ nibbānaṃ nāma, ayaṃ dukkhanirodhoti yoniso manasikaroti. Nirodhasampāpakaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ

@Footnote: 1-1 cha.Ma. āvaṭṭanā anvāvaṭṭanā 2 cha.Ma. samudayo "ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā"ti yoniso manasikaroti, upāyena pathena samannāharati ceva vipassati ca.

Tatrāyaṃ upāyo:- abhiniveso nāma khandhe hoti, na vivaṭṭe, tasmā ayamattho:- "imasmiṃ kāye paṭhavīdhātu āpodhātū"tiādinā 1- nayena cattāri mahābhūtāni tadanusārena upādārūpāni ca pariggahetvā "ayaṃ rūpakkhandho"ti vavatthapeti, taṃ vavatthāpayato uppanne tadārammaṇe cittacetasikadhamme "ime cattāro arūpakkhandhā"ti vavatthapeti, tato "ime pañcakkhandhā dukkhan"ti vavatthapeti, te pana saṅkhepato nāmañca rūpañceti dve bhāgā honti, idañca nāmarūpaṃ sahetu sappaccayaṃ uppajjati, tassa ayaṃ avijjābhavataṇhādiko hetu, ayaṃ āhārādiko paccayoti hetupaccaye vavatthapeti. So tesaṃ paccayānañca paccayuppannānañca yāthāvasarasalakkhaṇaṃ vavatthapetvā "ime dhammā ahutvā bhavanti hutvā nirujjhanti, tasmā aniccā"ti aniccalakkhaṇaṃ āropeti, "udayabbayapaṭipīḷitattā dukkhā"ti dukkhalakkhaṇaṃ āropeti, "avasavattanato anattā"ti anattalakkhaṇaṃ āropeti.

Evaṃ tilakkhaṇāni āropetvā vipassanto udayabbayañāṇuppattiyā uppanne obhāsādike vipassanūpakkilese `amaggo'ti udayabbayañāṇameva "ariyamaggassa upāyabhūto pubbabhāgamaggo"ti maggāmaggaṃ vavatthapetvā puna udayabbayañāṇaṃ paṭipāṭiyā bhaṅgañāṇādīni ca uppādento sotāpattimaggādayo pāpuṇāti. Tasmiṃ khaṇe cattāri saccāni ekappaṭivedheneva paṭivijjhati ekābhisamayena abhisameti. Tattha dukkhaṃ pariññāpaṭivedhena paṭivijjhanto, samudayaṃ pahānappaṭivedhena paṭivijjhanto sabbaṃ akusalaṃ pajahati, nirodhaṃ sacchikiriyāpaṭivedhena

@Footnote: 1 dī.mahā. 10/378/250 Paṭivijjhanto, maggaṃ bhāvanāpaṭivedhena paṭivijjhanto, sabbaṃ kusalaṃ bhāveti, ariyamaggo hi nippariyāyato kucchitasalanādiatthena kusalo, tasmiṃ ca bhāvite sabbepi kusalā anavajjabodhipakkhiyadhammā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchantīti. Evaṃ yoniso manasikaronto akusalaṃ pajahati, kusalaṃ bhāveti. Tathā hi vuttaṃ "idaṃ dukkhanti yoniso manasikaroti, ayaṃ dukkhasamudayoti yoniso manasikarotī"tiādi. 1- Aparampi vuttaṃ "yonisomanasikārasampannassetaṃ bhikkhave bhikkhuno pāṭikaṅkhaṃ ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bhāvessati, ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bahulīkarissatī"ti. 2-

Yoniso manasikāroti gāthāya ayaṃ saṅkhepattho:- sikkhati, sikkhāpadāni tassa atthi, sikkhanasīloti vā sekho. Saṃsāre bhayaṃ ikkhatīti bhikkhu. Tassa sekhassa bhikkhuno uttamatthassa arahattassa pattiyā adhigamāya yathā yoniso manasikāro, evaṃ bahukāro bahūpakāro añño koci dhammo natthi. Kasmā? yasmā yoniso upāyena manasikāraṃ purakkhatvā padahaṃ catubbidhasammappadhānavasena padahanto khayaṃ dukkhassa pāpuṇe saṅkilesavaṭṭadukkhassa parikkhayaṃ pariyosānaṃ nibbānaṃ pāpuṇe adhigaccheyya, tasmā yoniso manasikāro bahukāroti.

Chaṭṭhasuttavaṇṇā niṭṭhitā.