๒. มหาโกฏฐิตเถรคาถา

139. 2. Mahākoṭṭhikattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

upasantoti 1- āyasmato mahākoṭṭhikattherassa gāthā. Tassa kā uppatti?

ayampi thero padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle haṃsavatīnagare mahābhogakule nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto mātāpitūnaṃ accayena kuṭumbaṃ saṇṭhapetvā gharāvāsaṃ vasanto ekadivasaṃ padumuttarassa bhagavato dhammadesanākāle haṃsavatīnagaravāsike gandha- mālādihatthe yena buddho yena dhammo yena saṃgho, tanninne tappoṇe tappabbhāre gacchante disvā mahājanena saddhiṃ 2- upagato satthāraṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ paṭisambhidāpattānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā "ayaṃ kira imasmiṃ sāsane paṭisambhidāpattānaṃ aggo, aho vatāhampi ekassa buddhassa sāsane ayaṃ viya paṭisambhidāpatto 3- bhaveyyan"ti cintetvā satthu desanāpariyosāne vuṭṭhitāya parisāya bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā "bhante sve mayhaṃ bhikkhaṃ gaṇhathā"ti nimantesi. Satthā adhivāsesi. So bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā sakanivesanaṃ gantvā sabbarattiṃ buddhassa bhikkhusaṃghassa ca nisajjaṭṭhānaṃ gandhamālādāmādīhi 4- alaṅkaritvā paṇītaṃ khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ paṭiyādāpetvā tassā rattiyā accayena sake nivesane bhikkhusatasahassaparivāraṃ bhagavantaṃ vividhayāgukhajjakaparivāraṃ 5- nānārasasūpabyañjanaṃ gandhasālibhojanaṃ bhojetvā bhattakiccapariyosāne cintesi "mahantaṃ kho ahaṃ taṃ ṭhānantaraṃ patthemi, na kho pana mayhaṃ 6- yuttaṃ ekadivasameva dānaṃ datvā taṃ ṭhānantaraṃ patthetuṃ, anupaṭipāṭiyā satta divase 7- dānaṃ datvā patthessāmī"ti. So teneva niyāmena satta divase mahādānāni datvā bhattakiccapariyosāne dussakoṭṭhāgāraṃ vivarāpetvā uttamaṃ ticīvarappahonakaṃ sukhumavatthaṃ buddhassa pādamūle ṭhapetvā bhikkhusatasahassassa ca ticīvaraṃ datvā tathāgataṃ upasaṅkamitvā "bhante yo

@Footnote: 1 Sī. upasantotiādikā 2 Sī. tehi saddhiṃ 3 cha.Ma. paṭisambhidāpattānaṃ aggo

@4 cha.Ma. gandhadāmamālādāmādīhi 5 Sī....khajjakādiparivāraṃ 6 Sī. mayā

@7 Sī. sattadivasaṃ So bhikkhu tumhehi ito sattamadivasamatthake etadagge ṭhapito, ahampi so bhikkhu viya anāgate uppajjanakabuddhassa sāsane pabbajitvā paṭisambhidāpattānaṃ aggo bhaveyyan"ti vatvā satthu pādamūle nipajjitvā patthanaṃ akāsi. Satthā tassa patthanāya samijjhanabhāvaṃ disvā "anāgate ito kappasatasahassamatthake gotamo nāma buddho loke uppajjissati, tassa sāsane tava patthanā samijajhissatī"ti byākāsi. Vuttampi cetaṃ apadāne 1-:-

"padumuttaro nāma jino sabbalokavidū muni

ito satasahassamhi kappe uppajji cakkhumā.

Ovādako viññāpako tārako sabbapāṇinaṃ

desanākusalo buddho tāresi janataṃ bahuṃ.

Anukampako kāruṇiko hitesī sabbapāṇinaṃ

sampatte titthiye sabbe pañcasīle patiṭṭhapi. 2-

Evaṃ nirākulaṃ 3- āsi suññataṃ titthiyehi ca

vicittaṃ arahantehi vasībhūtehi tādibhi.

Ratanānaṭṭhapaññāsaṃ uggato so mahāmuni

kañcanagghiyasaṅkāso bāttiṃsavaralakkhaṇo.

Vassasatasahassāni āyu vijjati tāvade

tāvatā tiṭṭhamāno so tāresi janataṃ bahuṃ.

Tadāhaṃ haṃsavatiyaṃ brāhmaṇo vedapāragū

upecca 4- sabbalokaggaṃ assosiṃ dhammadesanaṃ.

Tadā so 5- sāvakaṃ vīro pabhinnamatigocaraṃ

atthe dhamme nirutte ca paṭibhāṇe ca kovidaṃ.

@Footnote: 1 khu.apa. 33/127//203 mahākoṭṭhikattherāpadāna (syā) 2 ka. patiṭṭhahi,

@ Sī.,Ma. patiṭṭhayi 3 Ma. nirākulo 4 Sī. upetvā 5 Ma. tādisaṃ

Ṭhapesi etadaggamhi taṃ sutvā mudito ahaṃ

sasāvakaṃ jinavaraṃ sattāhaṃ bhojayiṃ tadā.

Dussehi chādayitvāna sasissaṃ buddhasāgaraṃ 1-

nipacca pādamūlamhi taṃ ṭhānaṃ patthayiṃ ahaṃ.

Tato avoca lokaggo passathetaṃ dijuttamaṃ 2-

vinataṃ pādamūle me kamalodarasappabhaṃ.

Buddhaseṭṭhassa bhikkhussa ṭhānaṃ patthayate ayaṃ

tāya saddhāya cāgena saddhammassavanena ca.

Sabbattha sukhito hutvā saṃsaritvā bhavābhave

anāgatamhi addhāne lacchasetaṃ manorathaṃ.

Satasahassito kappe okkākakulasambhavo

gotamo nāma gottena satthā loke bhavissati.

Tassa dhammesu dāyādo oraso dhammanimmito

koṭṭhiko nāma nāmena hessati satthu sāvako.

Taṃ sutvā mudito hutvā yāvajīvaṃ tadā jinaṃ

mettacitto paricariṃ sato paññā 3- samāhito.

Tena kammavipākena cetanāpaṇidhīhi ca

jahitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ tāvatiṃsamagacchahaṃ.

Satānaṃ tīṇikkhattuñca 4- devarajjamakārayiṃ

satānaṃ pañcakkhattuṃ ca cakkavattī ahosahaṃ.

Padesarajjaṃ vipulaṃ gaṇanāto asaṅkhiyaṃ

sabbattha sukhito āsiṃ tassa kammassa vāhasā. 5-

@Footnote: 1 Ma. dussehi chādayitvāna, sasaṃghaṃ lokanāyakaṃ, cha.Ma. dussehacchāyayitvāna,

@ sissaṃ buddhisāgaraṃ 2 Sī. dvijuttamaṃ 3 Sī. pañño

@4 Sī. tisatakkhattuṃ, Ma. tīṇikkhattuṃ 5 Sī. tejasā

Duve bhave saṃsarāmi devatte atha mānuse

aññaṃ gatiṃ na gacchāmi suciṇṇassa idaṃ phalaṃ.

Duve kule pajāyāmi khattiye atha brāhmaṇe

nīce kule na jāyāmi suciṇṇassa idaṃ phalaṃ.

Pacchime bhave sampatte brahmabandhu ahosahaṃ

sāvatthiyaṃ vippakule paccājāto mahaddhane.

Mātā candavatī nāma pitā me assalāyano

yadā me pitaraṃ buddho vinayī sabbasuddhiyā.

Tadā pasanno sugate pabbajiṃ anagāriyaṃ

moggallāno ācariyo upajjhā 1- sārisambhavo.

Kesesu chijjamānesu diṭṭhi chinnā samūlikā

nivāsento ca kāsāvaṃ arahattamapāpuṇiṃ.

Atthadhammaniruttīsu paṭibhāṇe ca me mati

pabhinnā tena lokaggo etadagge ṭhapesi maṃ.

Asandiṭṭhaṃ viyākāsiṃ upatissena pucchito

paṭisambhidāsu tenāhaṃ aggo sambuddhasāsane. 2-

Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ bhavā sabbe samūhatā

nāgova bandhanaṃ chetvā viharāmi anāsavo.

Svāgataṃ vata me āsi mama buddhassa santike

tisso vijjā anuppattā kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ.

Paṭisambhidā catasso 3- vimokkhāpi ca aṭṭhime

chaḷabhiññā sacchikatā kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan"ti.

@Footnote: 1 Sī. upajjho 2 Sī. buddhassa sāsane 3 Sī. catassopi

Evaṃ so tattha tattha bhave puññañāṇasambhāraṃ 1- sambharanto aparāparaṃ devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ brāhmaṇamahāsālakule nibbatti. Koṭṭhikotissa 2- nāmaṃ akaṃsu. So vayappatato tayo vede uggahetvā brāhmaṇasippe nipphattiṃ gato ekadivasaṃ satthu santikaṃ gantvā dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā upasampannakālato paṭṭhāya vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ patvā paṭisambhidāsu ciṇṇavasī hutvā abhiññāte 3- mahāthere upasaṅkamitvā pañhaṃ pucchantopi dasabalaṃ upasaṅkamitvā pañhaṃ pucchantopi paṭisambhidāsuyeva pañhaṃ pucchi. Evamayaṃ thero tattha katādhikāratāya ciṇṇavasībhāvena ca paṭisambhidāpattānaṃ aggo jāto. Atha naṃ satthā mahāvedallasuttaṃ 4- aṭṭhuppattiṃ katvā paṭisambhidāpattānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi "etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ paṭisambhidāpattānaṃ yadidaṃ mahākoṭṭhiko"ti. 5- So aparena samayena vimuttisukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedento udānavasena:-

"upasanto uparato mantabhāṇī anuddhato

dhunāti pāpake dhamme dumapattaṃva māluto"ti itthaṃ sudaṃ āyasmā mahākoṭṭhikatthero gāthaṃ abhāsi.

Tattha upasantoti manacchaṭṭhānaṃ indriyānaṃ upasamanena nibbisevanabhāvakaraṇena upasanto. Uparatoti sabbasmā pāpakaraṇato orato virato. Mantabhāṇīti mantā vuccati paññā, tāya pana upaparikkhitvā bhaṇatīti mantabhāṇī, kālavādīādibhāvaṃ avissajjentoyeva bhaṇatīti attho. Mantabhaṇanavasena vā bhaṇatīti mantabhāṇī, dubbhāsitato vinā 6- attano bhāsanavasena 7- caturaṅgasamannāgataṃ subhāsitaṃyeva bhaṇatīti attho. Jātiādivasena attano anukkaṃsanato na uddhatoti anuddhato.

@Footnote: 1 Sī. puññasambhāraṃ 2 Sī. koṭṭhitotissa 3 cha.Ma. abhiññāte abhiññāte

@4 Ma.mū. 12/449/401 5 aṅ.ekaka. 20/218/25 etadaggavagga: tatiyavagga

@6 Sī. vinā-saddo na dissati 7 Sī. sāsanavasena Athavā tiṇṇaṃ 1- kāyaduccaritānaṃ vūpasamanena tato paṭiviratiyā upasanto, tiṇṇaṃ manoduccaritānaṃ uparamaṇena pajahanena uparato, catunnaṃ vacīduccaritānaṃ appavattiyā parimitabhāṇitāya mantabhāṇī, tividhaduccaritanimittauppajjanakassa 2- uddhaccassa abhāvato anuddhato. Evaṃ pana tividhaduccaritappahānena suddhe sīle patiṭṭhito, uddhaccappahānena samāhito, tameva samādhiṃ padaṭṭhānaṃ katvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā maggapaṭipāṭiyā dhunāti pāpake dhamme lāmakaṭṭhena pāpake sabbepi saṅkilesadhamme niddhunāti, samucchedavasena pajahati. Yathā kiṃ? dumapattaṃva māluto, yathā nāma dumassa rukkhassa pattaṃ paṇḍupalāsaṃ māluto vāto dhunāti, bandhanato viyojento nīharati, evaṃ yathāvuttapaṭipattiyaṃ ṭhito pāpadhamme attano santānato nīharati, evamayaṃ therassa aññāpadesena aññābyākaraṇagāthāpi hotīti veditabbā.

Ettha ca kāyavacīduccaritappahānavacanena payogasuddhiṃ dasseti, manoduccaritappahāna- vacanena āsayasuddhiṃ. Evaṃ payogāsayasuddhassa "anuddhato"ti imināuddhaccābhāva- vacanena tadekaṭṭhatāya nīvaraṇappahānaṃ dasseti. Tesu payogasuddhiyā sīlasampatti vibhāvitā, āsayasuddhiyā samathabhāvanāya upakārakadhammapariggaho, nīvaraṇappahānena samādhibhāvanā, "dhunāti pāpake dhamme"ti iminā paññābhāvanā vibhāvitā hoti. Evaṃ adhisīlasikkhādayo tisso sikkhā, tividhakalyāṇaṃ sāsanaṃ, tadaṅgappahānādīni tīṇi pahānāni, antadvayaparivajjanena saddhiṃ majjhimāya paṭipattiyā 3- paṭipajjanaṃ, apāyabhavādīnaṃ 4- samatikkamanūpāyo ca yathārahaṃ niddhāretvā yojetabbā. Iminā nayena sesagāthāsupi yathārahaṃ atthayojanā veditabbā. Atthamattameva pana tattha tattha apubbaṃ vaṇṇayissāma. "itthaṃ sudaṃ āyasmā mahākoṭṭhiko"ti idaṃ pūjāvacanaṃ, yathā taṃ mahāmoggallānoti.

Mahākoṭṭhikattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

@Footnote: 1 Sī. tiṇṇaṃ vā 2 Sī. tividhaṃ duccaritanimittaṃ uppajjanakassa 3 Sī. paṭipadāya

@4 Sī. apāyabhayādīnaṃ