๑๔. โคตมเถรคาถา

320. 14. Gotamattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

saṃsaranti āyasmato gotamattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti?

ayaṃ kira purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni karonto sikhimhi bhagavati parinibbute tassa citakaṃ devamanussesu pūjentesu aṭṭhahi campakapupphehi citakaṃ pūjesi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sakyarājakule nibbattitvā gotamoti gottavaseneva abhilakkhitanāmo vayappatto satthu ñātisamāgame paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne 1- :-

"jhāyamānassa bhagavato sikhino lokabandhuno

aṭṭha campakapupphāni citakaṃ abhiropayiṃ.

Ekatiṃse ito kappe yaṃ pupphamabhiropayiṃ

duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi citapūjāyidaṃ 2- phalaṃ.

Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ .pe. kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan"ti.

Chaḷabhiñño pana hutvā vimuttisukhena viharanto ekadivasaṃ ñātakehi "kasmā bhante amhe pahāya pabbajito"ti puṭṭho saṃsāre attano 3- anubhūtadukkhañceva idāni adhigataṃ nibbānasukhañca pakāsento:-

"saṃsaraṃ hi nirayaṃ agacchissaṃ 4-

petalokamagamaṃ punappunaṃ

dukkhamamhipi tiracchānayoniyā 5-

nekadhā hi vusitaṃ ciraṃ mayā.

@Footnote: 1 khu.apa. 33/52/77 citakapūjakattherāpadāna (syā) 2 pāli. buddhapūjāyidaṃ

@3 cha.Ma. attanā 4 ka. agañchisaṃ 5 cha.Ma......yoniyaṃ

Mānusopi ca bhavobhirādhito

saggakāyamagamaṃ sakiṃ sakiṃ

rūpadhātusu arūpadhātusu

nevasaññisu asaññisuṭṭhitaṃ.

Sambhavā suviditā asārakā

saṅkhatā pacalitā saderitā

taṃ viditvā mahamattasambhavaṃ

santimeva satimā samajjhagan"ti tīhi gāthāhi tesaṃ dhammaṃ desesi.

Tattha saṃsaranti anādimati saṃsāre saṃsaranto kammakilesehi pañcasu gatīsu cavanuppajjanavasena 1- aparāparaṃ saṃsarantoti attho. Hīti nipātamattaṃ. Nirayaṃ agacchissanti sañjīvādikaṃ aṭṭhavidhaṃ mahānirayaṃ, kukkuḷādikaṃ soḷasavidhaṃ ussadanirayañca paṭisandhivasena upagacchiṃ. "punappunan"ti idaṃ idhāpi ānetabbaṃ. Petalokanti pettivisayaṃ, khuppipāsādibhedaṃ petattabhāvanti 2- attho. Agamanti paṭisandhivasena upagacchiṃ upapajjiṃ. 3- Punappunanti aparāparaṃ. Dukkhamamhipīti aññamaññaṃ tikhiṇakasāpatodābhighātādidukkhehi dussahāyapi. Liṅgavipallāsena hetaṃ vuttaṃ "dukkhamamhipī"ti. Tiracchānayoniyāti migapakkhiādibhedāya tiracchānayoniyā. Nekadhā hīti oṭṭhagoṇagadrabhādivasena ceva kākabalākakulalādivasena 4- ca anekappakāraṃ anekavārañca ciraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ mayā vusitaṃ niccaṃ utrastamānasatādivasena dukkhaṃ anubhūtaṃ. Tiracchānayoniyaṃ nibbattasatto mahāmūḷhatāya cirataraṃ tattheva aparāparaṃ parivattatīti dassanatthaṃ idha "ciran"ti vuttaṃ.

Mānusopi ca bhavobhirādhitoti manussattabhāvopi mayā tādisena kusalakammunā

@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. cavanupapātavasena 2 Sī.,i. pettibhāvanti 3 Sī. agacchiṃ uppajjiṃ,

@ i. agacchaṃ upapajjiṃ 4 i. kākabaka.... Samavāyena abhirādhito sādhito adhigato. Kāṇakacchapopamasuttamettha 1- udāharitabbaṃ. Saggakāyamagamaṃ sakiṃ sakinti saggagatisaṅkhātaṃ kāmāvacaradevakāyaṃ sakiṃ sakiṃ kadāci kadāci upapajjanavasena agacchiṃ. Rūpadhātusūti puthujjanabhavaggapariyosānesu rūpabhavesu. Arūpadhātusūti arūpabhavesu. Nevasaññisu asaññisuṭṭhitanti rūpārūpadhātūsu ca na kevalaṃ saññīsueva, atha kho nevasaññīnāsaññīsu asaññīsu ca uppajjiṃ ṭhitaṃ 2- mayāti ānetvā yojetabbaṃ. Nevasaññiggahaṇena hettha nevasaññīnāsaññībhavo gahito. Yadipime dve bhavā rūpārūpadhātuggahaṇeneva gayhanti, ye pana ito bāhirakā tattha niccasaññino bhavavimokkhasaññino ca, tesaṃ tassā saññāya micchābhāvadassanatthaṃ visuṃ gahitāti daṭṭhabbaṃ.

Evaṃ dvīhi gāthāhi bhavamūlassa anupacchinnattā anādimati saṃsāre attano vaṭṭadukkhānubhavaṃ dassetvā idāni tadupacchedena vivaṭṭasukhānubhavaṃ dassento "sambhavā"tiādinā tatiyaṃ gāthamāha. Tattha sambhavāti bhavā. Kāmabhavādayoeva hi hetupaccayasamavāyena bhavantīti idha sambhavāti vuttā. Suviditāti vipassanāpaññāsahitāya maggapaññāya suṭṭhu viditā. Asārakātiādi tesaṃ viditākāradassanaṃ. Tattha asārakāti niccasārādisārarahitā. Saṅkhatāti samecca sambhuyya 3- paccayehi katā. Pacalitāti saṅkhatattāeva uppādajarādīhi pakārato calitā anavaṭṭhitā. Saderitāti sadā sabbakālaṃ bhaṅgena eritā, ittarā bhaṅgagāmino pabhaṅgurāti 4- attho. Taṃ viditvā mahamattasambhavanti taṃ yathāvuttaṃ saṅkhatasabhāvaṃ attasambhavaṃ attani sambhūtaṃ attāyattaṃ issarādivasena aparāyattaṃ pariññābhisamayavasena ahaṃ viditvā tappaṭipakkhabhūtaṃ santimeva nibbānameva maggapaññāsatiyā satimā hutvā samajjhagaṃ adhigacchiṃ ariyamaggabhāvanāya anuppattoti. Evaṃ thero ñātakānaṃ dhammadesanāmukhena aññaṃ byākāsi.

Gotamattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

@Footnote: 1 Ma.upari. 14/252/220 bālapaṇḍitasutta, saṃ.mahā. 19/1117/396 paṭhamachiggaḷayugasutta

@2 cha.Ma. upapajja ṭhitaṃ 3 Sī.,i.,Ma. sambhūya 4 cha.Ma. pabhaṅgunoti