๑๐. ธรรมิกเถรคาถา

332. 10. Dhammikattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

dhammo havetiādikā āyasmato dhammikattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti?

ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto

@Footnote: 1 Sī.,i. purakkhatā parivāritā 2 Sī. gehavāsābhimukho Sikhissa bhagavato kāle migaluddako hutvā ekadivasaṃ araññāyatane devaparisāya satthu dhammaṃ desentassa "dhammo eso vuccatī"ti desanāya nimittaṃ gaṇhi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kosalaraṭṭhe brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā dhammikoti laddhanāmo vayappatto jetavanapaṭiggahaṇe laddhappasādo pabbajitvā aññatarasmiṃ gāmakāvāse āvāsiko hutvā viharanto āgantukānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ vattāvattesu ujjhānabahulo akkhamo ahosi. Tena bhikkhū taṃ vihāraṃ chaḍḍetvā pakkamiṃsu, so ekakova ahosi. Vihārasāmiko upāsako taṃ kāraṇaṃ sutvā bhagavato taṃ pavattiṃ ārocesi. Satthā taṃ bhikkhuṃ pakkosetvā tamatthaṃ pucchitvā tena "evaṃ bhante"ti vutte "nāyaṃ idāneva akkhamo, pubbepi akkhamo ahosī"ti vatvā bhikkhūhi yācito rukkhadhammaṃ 1- kathetvā upari tassa ovādaṃ dento:-

"dhammo have rakkhati dhammacāriṃ

dhammo suciṇṇo sukhamāvahāti

esānisaṃso dhamme suciṇṇe

na duggatiṃ gacchati dhammacārī.

Na hi dhammo adhammo ca ubho samavipākino

adhammo nirayaṃ neti dhammo pāpeti suggatiṃ.

Tasmā hi dhammesu kareyya chandaṃ

iti modamāno sugatena tādinā

dhamme ṭhitā sugatavarassa sāvakā

nīyanti dhīrā saraṇavaraggagāmino.

Vipphoṭito gaṇḍamūlo taṇhājālo samūhato

@Footnote: 1 khu.jā. 27/74/23 rukkhadhammajātaka

So khīṇasaṃsāro na catthi kiñcanaṃ

cando yathā dosinā puṇṇamāsiyan"ti catasso gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha dhammoti lokiyalokuttaro sucaritadhammo. Rakkhatīti apāyadukkhato 1- rakkhati, saṃsāradukkhato ca vivaṭṭūpanissayabhūto rakkhatiyeva. Dhammacārinti taṃ dhammaṃ carantaṃ paṭipajjantaṃ. Suciṇṇoti suṭṭhu ciṇṇo kammaphalāni saddahitvā sakkaccaṃ cittīkatvā upacito. Sukhanti lokiyalokuttarasukhaṃ. Tattha lokiyaṃ tāva kāmāvacarādi- bhedo dhammo yathāsakaṃ sukhaṃ diṭṭhe vā dhamme upapajje vā apare vā pariyāye āvahati nipphādeti, itaraṃ pana vivaṭṭūpanissaye ṭhatvā ciṇṇo paramparāya 2- āvahatīti vattuṃ 3- vaṭṭati anupanissayassa tadabhāvato. Esānisaṃso dhamme suciṇṇe, na duggatiṃ gacchati dhammacārīti dhammacārī puggalo dhamme suciṇṇe taṃnimittaṃ duggatiṃ na gacchatīti eso dhamme suciṇṇe ānisaṃso udrayoti attho.

Yasmā dhammeneva sugatigamanaṃ, adhammeneva ca duggatigamanaṃ, tasmā "dhammo adhammo"ti ime aññamaññaṃ asaṅkiṇṇaphalāti dassetuṃ "na hi dhammo"tiādinā dutiyaṃ gāthamāha. Tattha adhammoti dhammapaṭipakkho duccaritaṃ. Samavipākinoti sadisavipākā samānaphalā.

Tasmāti yasmā dhammādhammānaṃ ayaṃ yathāvutto vipākabhedo, tasmā. Chandanti kattukamyatāchandaṃ. Iti modamāno sugatena tādināti iti evaṃ vuttappakārena ovādadānena sugatena sammaggatena 4- sammāpaṭipannena iṭṭhādīsu tādibhāvappattiyā tādināmavatā hetubhūtena modamāno tuṭṭhiṃ āpajjamāno dhammesu chandaṃ kareyyāti yojanā. Ettāvatā vaṭṭaṃ dassetvā idāni vivaṭṭaṃ dassento "dhamme ṭhitā"ti- ādimāha. Tassattho:- yasmā sugatassa varassa sugatesu ca varassa sammāsambuddhassa

@Footnote: 1 Sī. apāye apāyadukkhato 2 Sī. cittaparamparāya 3 Sī. avagantuṃ, i. gantuṃ

@4 Ma. samaggatena Sāvakā tassa dhamme ṭhitā dhīrā ativiya aggabhūtasaraṇagāmino teneva saraṇagamanasaṅkhāte dhamme ṭhitabhāvena sakalavaṭṭadukkhatopi nīyanti nissaranti, tasmā hi dhammesu kareyya chandanti.

Evaṃ satthārā tīhi gāthāhi dhamme desite desanānusārena yathānisinnova vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne 1-:-

"migaluddo pure āsiṃ araññe vipine ahaṃ

addasaṃ virajaṃ buddhaṃ devasaṅghapurakkhataṃ.

Catusaccaṃ pakāsentaṃ desentaṃ amataṃ padaṃ

assosiṃ madhuraṃ dhammaṃ sikhino lokabandhuno.

Ghose cittaṃ pasādesiṃ asamappaṭipuggale

tattha cittaṃ pasādetvā uttariṃ duttaraṃ bhavaṃ.

Ekatiṃse ito kappe yaṃ saññamalabhiṃ tadā

duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi ghosasaññāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ .pe. Kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan"ti.

Tathā arahatte patiṭṭhito. Arahattaṃ pana patvā attanā adhigataṃ visesaṃ satthu nivedento carimagāthāya aññaṃ byākāsi.

Tattha vipphoṭitoti vidhuto, maggañāṇena paṭinissaṭṭhoti attho. Gaṇḍamūloti avijjā. 2- Sā hi gaṇḍati savati. "gaṇḍoti kho bhikkhu pañcannetaṃ upādānak- khandhānaṃ 2- adhivacanan"ti 3- evaṃ satthārā vuttassa dukkhamūlayogato 4- kilesāsuci- paggharaṇato uppādajarābhaṅgehi uddhumātapakkapabhijjanato ca 5- gaṇḍābhidhānassa upādānakkhandhapañcakassa

@Footnote: 1 khu.apa. 33/108/158 ghosasaññakattherāpadāna (syā) 2-2 Sī. sā hi savati,

@gaṇḍoti kho bhikkhūtivacanena taṃ pañcupādānakkhandhānaṃ, i. sā hi savati, gaṇḍoti

@kho bhikkhuvacanena taṃ pañcupādānakkhandhānaṃ 3. saṃ.saḷā. 18/151/103 udakasutta,

@aṅ.chakka. 22/294/347 bhayasutta, aṅ. dasaka. 23/146/299 bhayasutta (syā)

@4 Sī.,i. dukkhato sūlayogato 5 Sī. bhaṅge uddhumātapakkamhi bhijjanato ca,

@i. bhaṅgehi uddhumātapakkabhijjanato ca Mūlaṃ kāraṇaṃ. Taṇhājālo samūhatoti taṇhāsaṅkhāto jālo maggena samugghāṭito. So khīṇasaṃsāro na catthi kiñcananti so ahaṃ evaṃ pahīnataṇhāvijjatāya parikkhīṇasaṃsāro pahīnabhavamūlattāeva na catthi na ca upalabbhati rāgādikiñcanaṃ. Cando yathā dosinā puṇṇamāsiyanti yathā nāma cando abbhamahikādidosarahito puṇṇamāsiyaṃ paripuṇṇakāle 1- evaṃ ahampi arahattādhigamena apetarāgādikiñcano paripuṇṇadhammakoṭṭhāso ahosinti.

Dhammikattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.