๖. อุปเสนวังคันตปุตตเถรคาถา

375. 6. Vaṅgantaputtaupasenattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

vivattaṃ appanigghosantiādikā āyasmato upasenattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti?

ayaṃ kira padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle haṃsavatīnagare kulagehe nibbattitvā vayappatto satthu santikaṃ gantvā dhammaṃ suṇamāno satthāraṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ samantapāsādikānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā satthu 1- adhikārakammaṃ katvā taṃ ṭhānantaraṃ patthetvā yāvajīvaṃ kusalaṃ katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde nālakagāme rūpasārībrāhmaṇiyā kucchimhi nibbatti, upasenotissa nāmaṃ ahosi. So vayappatto tayo vede uggahetvā satthu santike dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā upasampadāya ekavassiko "ariyagabbhaṃ vaḍḍhemī"ti ekaṃ kulaputtaṃ attano santike upasampādetvā tena saddhiṃ satthu santikaṃ gato. Satthārā cassa tassa avassikassa bhikkhuno saddhivihārikabhāvaṃ sutvā "atilahuṃ kho tvaṃ moghapurisa bāhullāya āvatto"ti 2- garahito "idānāhaṃ yadipi parisaṃ nissāya satthārā garahito, parisaṃyeva pana nissāya satthu pāsaṃsopi bhavissāmī"ti vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto na cirasseva arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne 3-:-

"padumuttaraṃ bhagavantaṃ lokajeṭṭhaṃ narāsabhaṃ

pabbhāramhi nisinnaṃ taṃ 4- upagacchiṃ naruttamaṃ.

Kaṇikārapupphaṃ disvā vaṇṭe chetvānahaṃ tadā

alaṅkaritvā chattamhi buddhassa abhiropayiṃ.

Piṇḍapātañca pādāsiṃ paramannaṃ subhojanaṃ

buddhena navame tattha samaṇe aṭṭha bhojayiṃ.

@Footnote: 1 Sī.,i. satthu santike; mano.pū. 1/213 passitabbaṃ 2 vinaYu.mahā. 4/75/76

@ācariyavattakathā 3 khu.apa. 32/86/87 4 cha.Ma. nisīdantaṃ

Anumodi mahāvīro sayambhū aggapuggalo

iminā chattadānena paramannapavecchanā.

Tena cittappasādena sampattimanubhossasi

chattiṃsakkhattuṃ ca devindo devarajjaṃ karissati.

Ekavīsatikkhattuñca cakkavattī bhavissati

padesarajjaṃ vipulaṃ gaṇanāto asaṅkhiyaṃ.

Satasahassito kappe okkākakulasambhavo

gotamo nāma gottena eso buddho bhavissati. 1-

Sāsane dibbamānamhi manussattaṃ gamissati

tassa dhammesu dāyādo oraso dhammanimmito.

Upasenoti nāmena hessati satthu sāvako

samantapāsādikattā aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapessati.

Carimaṃ vattate mayhaṃ bhavā sabbe samūhatā

dhāremi antimaṃ dehaṃ jetvā māraṃ savāhanaṃ.

Paṭisambhidā catasso .pe. kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan"ti.

Arahattaṃ pana patvā sayampi sabbe dhūtaṅgadhamme samādāya vattati, aññepi tadatthāya samādapeti, tena naṃ bhagavā samantapāsādikānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi. So aparena samayena kosambiyaṃ kalahe uppanne bhikkhusaṃghe ca dvidhābhūte ekena bhikkhunā taṃ kalahaṃ parivajjitukāmena "etarahi kho kalaho uppanno, saṃgho dvidhābhūto, kathaṃ nu kho mayā paṭipajjitabban"ti puṭṭho vivekavāsato paṭṭhāya tassa paṭipattiṃ kathento:-

"vivittaṃ appanigghosaṃ vāḷamiganisevitaṃ

seve senāsanaṃ bhikkhu paṭisallānakāraṇā.

@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. satthā loke bhavissati

Saṅkārapuñjā āhatvā susānā rathiyāhi ca

tato saṅghāṭikaṃ katvā lūkhaṃ dhāreyya cīvaraṃ.

Nīcaṃ manaṃ karitvāna sapadānaṃ kulā kulaṃ

piṇḍikāya care bhikkhu guttadvāro susaṃvuto.

Lūkhenapi vā santusse nāññaṃ patthe rasaṃ bahuṃ

rasesu anugiddhassa jhāne na ramatī mano.

Appiccho ceva santuṭṭho pavivitto vase muni

asaṃsaṭṭho gahaṭṭhehi anāgārehi cūbhayaṃ.

Yathā jaḷo va mūgo va attānaṃ dassaye tathā

nātivelaṃ sambhāseyya 1- saṅghamajjhamhi paṇḍito.

Na so upavade kañci upaghātaṃ vivajjaye

saṃvuto pāṭimokkhasmiṃ mattaññū cassa bhojane.

Suggahītanimittassa cittassuppādakovido

samathaṃ anuyuñjeyya kālena ca vipassanaṃ.

Viriyasātaccasampanno yuttayogo sadā siyā

na ca appatvā dukkhantaṃ vissāsaṃ eyya paṇḍito.

Evaṃ viharamānassa suddhikāmassa bhikkhuno

khiyyanti 2- āsavā sabbe nibbutiñcādhigacchatī"ti imā gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha vivittanti janavivittaṃ suññaṃ araññādiṃ. Appanigghosanti nissaddaṃ saddasaṅghaṭṭanarahitaṃ. Vāḷamiganisevitanti sīhabyagghadīpivāḷamigehi caritaṃ. Imināpi janavivekaṃyeva dasseti pantasenāsanabhāvadīpanato. Senāsananti sayituṃ āsayituñca yuttabhāvena vasanaṭṭhānaṃ idha senāsananti adhippetaṃ. Paṭisallānakāraṇāti paṭisallānanimittaṃ,

@Footnote: 1 pāli. pabhāseyya 2 cha.Ma. khīyanti Nānārammaṇato nivattetvā kammaṭṭhāneyeva cittassa paṭi paṭi 1- sammadeva allīyanatthaṃ.

Evaṃ bhāvanānurūpaṃ senāsanaṃ niddisanto senāsane santosaṃ dassetvā idāni cīvarādīsupi taṃ dassetuṃ "saṅkārapuñjā"tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha saṅkārapuñjāti saṅkārānaṃ puñjaṃ saṅkārapuñjaṃ, tato kacavaraṭṭhānā. Āhatvāti āharitvā. Tatoti tathā āhaṭacoḷakkhaṇḍehi. Karaṇe hi idaṃ nissakkavacanaṃ. Lūkhanti satthalūkharajanalūkhādinā lūkhaṃ avaṇṇāmaṭṭhaṃ. Dhāreyyāti nivāsanādivasena parihareyya, etena cīvarasantosaṃ vadati.

Nīcaṃ manaṃ karitvānāti "antamidaṃ bhikkhave jīvikānan"tiādikaṃ 2- sugatovādaṃ anussaritvā nihatamānadappaṃ cittaṃ katvā. Sapadānanti gharesu avakhaṇḍarahita, 3- anugharanti attho. Tenāha "kulā kulan"ti. Kulā kulanti kulato kulaṃ, kulānupubbiyā gharapaṭipāṭiyāti attho. Piṇḍikāyāti missakabhikkhāya, iminā piṇḍapātasantosaṃ vadati. Guttadvāroti supihitacakkhādidvāro. Susaṃvutoti hatthakukkuccādīnaṃ abhāvena suṭṭhu saṃvuto.

Lūkhenapi vāti apisaddo samuccayatthe, 4- vāsaddo vikappatthe. 5- Ubhayenapi lūkhenapi appenapi yena kenaci sulabhena itarītarena santusse samaṃ sammā tusseyya. Tenāha "nāññaṃ patthe rasaṃ bahun"ti. Nāññaṃ patthe rasaṃ bahunti attanā yathāladdhato aññaṃ madhurādirasaṃ bahuṃ paṇītañca na pattheyya na piheyya, iminā gilānapaccayepi santoso dassito hoti. Rasesu gedhavāraṇatthaṃ 6- pana kāraṇaṃ vadanto rasesu anugiddhassa, jhāne na ramatī manoti āha. Indriyasaṃvarampi aparipūrentassa kuto vikkhittacitta- samādhānanti adhippāyo.

@Footnote: 1 Sī.,i. paṭisallānakāraṇāti paṭisallānāti cittaṃ nānārammaṇā nivattetvā

@kammaṭṭhāneyeva cittassa paṭi 2 saṃ.khandha 17/80/75 piṇḍolyasutta,

@khu.iti. 25/91/309 jīvakasutta 3 Sī. avakhaṇḍanarahitaṃ, i. avakkamarahitaṃ

@4 Ma. samuccaye 5 cha.Ma. vikappe 6 Sī.,i. gedhākaraṇatthaṃ

Evaṃ catūsu paccayesu sallekhapaṭipattiṃ dassetvā idāni avasiṭṭhakathāvatthūni dassetuṃ "appiccho cevā"tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha appicchoti aniccho catūsu paccayesu icachārahito, tena catubbidhapaccayesu taṇhuppādavikkhambhanamāha. Santuṭṭhoti catūsu paccayesu yathālābhasantosādinā santuṭṭho. Yo hi:-

atītaṃ nānusoceyya nappajappeyyanāgataṃ

paccuppannena yāpeyya so "santuṭṭho"ti pavuccatīti.

Pavivittoti gaṇasaṅgaṇikaṃ pahāya kāyena pavivitto vūpakaṭṭho. Cittavivekādike hi parato vakkhati. Vaseti sabbattha yojetabbaṃ. Moneyyadhammasamannāgamena muni. Asaṃsaṭṭhoti dassanasavanasamullapanasambhogakāyasaṃsaggānaṃ abhāvena asaṃsaṭṭho yathāvutta- saṃsaggarahito. Ubhayanti gahaṭṭhehi anāgārehi cāti ubhayehipi asaṃsaṭṭho. Karaṇe hi idaṃ paccattavacanaṃ.

Attānaṃ dassaye tathāti ajaḷo amūgopi samāno yathā jaḷo vā mūgo vā, tathā attānaṃ dasseyya, etena pāgabbiyappahānamāha. Jaḷo va mūgo vāti ca gāthāsukhatthaṃ rassattaṃ kataṃ, samuccayattho ca vāsaddo. Nātivelaṃ sambhāseyyāti ativelaṃ atikkantapamāṇaṃ na bhāseyya, mattabhāṇī assāti attho. Saṅghamajjhamhīti bhikkhusghe, janasamūhe vā.

Na so upavade kañcīti so yathāvuttapaṭipattiko bhikkhu hīnaṃ vā majjhimaṃ vā ukkaṭṭhaṃ vā yaṃ kiñci na vācāya upavadeyya. Upaghātaṃ vivajjayeti kāyena upaghātaṃ pariviheṭhanaṃ vajjeyya. Saṃvuto pāṭimokkhasminti pāṭimokkhamhi pāṭimokkha- saṃvarasīle saṃvuto assa, pāṭimokkhasaṃvarena pihitakāyavāco siyāti attho. Mattaññū cassa bhojaneti pariyesanapaṭiggahaṇaparibhogavissajjanesu bhojane pamāṇaññū siyā.

Suggahītanimittassāti "evaṃ me manasi karoto cittaṃ samāhitaṃ ahosī"ti tadākāraṃ sallakkhento suṭṭhu gahitasamādhinimitto assa. "suggahītanimitto so"tipi pāṭho, so yogīti 1- attho. Cittassuppādakovidoti evaṃ bhāvayato cittaṃ līnaṃ hoti, "evaṃ uddhatan"ti līnassa uddhatassa ca cittassa uppattikāraṇe kusalo assa. Līne hi citte dhammavicayaviriyapītisambojjhaṅgā bhāvetabbā, uddhate passaddhisamādhiupekkhā- sambojjhaṅgā. Satisambojjhaṅgo pana sabbattha icchitabbo, tenāha bhagavā "yasmiṃ ca kho bhikkhave samaye līnaṃ cittaṃ hoti, kālo tasmiṃ samaye dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāyā"tiādi. 2- Samathaṃ anuyuñjeyyāti samathabhāvanaṃ bhāveyya, anuppannaṃ samādhiṃ uppādeyya, uppannañca yāva vasībhāvappatti, tāva vaḍḍheyya byūheyyāti attho. Kālena ca vipassananti yathāladdhaṃ samādhiṃ nikantiyā apariyādānena hānabhāgiyaṃ ṭhitibhāgiyaṃ vā akatvā nibbedhabhāgiyaṃva katvā 3- kālena vipassanañca anuyuñjeyya. Athavā kālena ca vipassananti samathaṃ anuyuñjanto tassa thirībhūtakāle saṅkocaṃ anāpajjitvā ariyamaggādhigamāya vipassanaṃ anuyuñjeyya. Yathāha:-

"atha vā samādhilābhena vivittasayanena vā

bhikkhu vissāsamāpādi appatto āsavakkhayan"ti. 4-

Tena vuttaṃ "viriyasātaccasampanno"tiādi. Satatabhāvo sātaccaṃ, viriyassa sātaccaṃ, tena sampanno samannāgato, satatapavattaviriyo, niccapaggahitaviriyoti attho. Yuttayogo sadā siyāti sabbakālaṃ bhāvanānuyutto siyā. Dukkhantanti vaṭṭadukkhassa antaṃ pariyosānaṃ nirodhaṃ nibbānaṃ appatvā vissāsaṃ na eyya na gaccheyya, "ahaṃ parisuddhasīlo jhānalābhī abhiññālābhī vipassanaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetvā ṭhito"ti vā vissaṭṭho na bhaveyyāti attho.

@Footnote: 1 Sī.,i. yo so hīti 2 saṃ.mahā. 19/234/100 aggisutta

@3 Sī.,i. nibbedhabhāgiyaṃ vā akatvā

@4 khu.dhamMa. 25/271-2/63 sambahulasīlādisampannabhikkhuvatthu

Evaṃ viharamānassāti evaṃ vivittasenāsanasevanādinā vipassanāvasena yuttayogatā- pariyosānena 1- vidhinā viharantassa. Suddhikāmassāti ñāṇadassanavisuddhiṃ accanta- visuddhiṃ nibbānaṃ arahattañca icchantassa. Saṃsāre bhayassa ikkhato bhikkhuno kāmāsavādayo sabbe āsavā khiyyanti khayaṃ abbhatthaṃ gacchanti, tesaṃ khayagamaneneva 2- saupādisesaanupādisesapabhedaṃ duvidhampi nibbānaṃ adhigacchati pāpuṇāti.

Evaṃ thero tassa bhikkhuno ovādadānāpadesena attanā tathāpaṭipannabhāvaṃ dīpento aññaṃ byākāsi.

Vaṅgantaputtaupasenattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.