๑. อุตตรเถรคาถา

2. Dukanipāta

1. Paṭhamavagga

258. 1. Uttarattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

dukanipāte natthi koci bhavo niccotiādikā āyasmato uttarattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti?

ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ puññaṃ upacinanto sumedhassa bhagavato kāle vijjādharo hutvā ākāsena vicarati. Tena ca samayena satthā tassa anugaṇhanatthaṃ vanantare aññatarasmiṃ rukkhamūle nisīdi chabbaṇṇabuddharaṃsiyo vissajjento. So antalikkhena gacchanto bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannacitto ākāsato oruyha suvisuddhehi vipulehi kaṇikārapupphehi bhagavantaṃ pūjesi, pupphāni buddhānubhāvena satthu upari chattākārena aṭṭhaṃsu, so tena bhiyyoso mattāya pasannacitto hutvā aparabhāge kālaṃ katvā tāvatiṃse nibbattitvā uḷāraṃ dibbasampattiṃ anubhavanto yāvatāyukaṃ tattha ṭhatvā tato cuto devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde rājagahe brāhmaṇamahāsālaputto hutvā nibbatti, uttarotissa nāmaṃ ahosi. So viññutaṃ patto brāhmaṇavijjāsu nipphattiṃ gantvā jātiyā rūpena vijjāya vayena sīlācārena ca lokassa sambhāvanīyo jāto. Tassa taṃ sampattiṃ disvā vassakāro magadhamahāmatto attano dhītaraṃ dātukāmo hutvā attano adhippāyaṃ pavedesi. So nissaraṇajjhāsayatāya taṃ paṭikkhipitvā kālena kālaṃ dhamma- senāpatiṃ payirupāsanto tassa santike dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā vattasampanno hutvā theraṃ upaṭṭhahati.

Tena ca samayena therassa aññataro ābādho uppanno, tassa bhesajjatthāya uttaro sāmaṇero pātova pattacīvaramādāya vihārato nikkhanto antarāmagge taḷākassa tīre pattaṃ ṭhapetvā udakasamīpaṃ gantvā mukhaṃ dhovati. Atha aññataro umaṅgacoro 1- ārakkhapurisehi anubaddho aggadvāreneva nagarato nikkhamitvā palāyanto attanā gahitaṃ ratanabhaṇḍikaṃ sāmaṇerassa patte pakkhipitvā palāyi. Sāmaṇero pattasamīpaṃ upagato. Coraṃ anubandhantā rājapurisā sāmaṇerassa patte bhaṇḍikaṃ disvā "ayaṃ coro, iminā coriyaṃ katan"ti sāmaṇeraṃ pacchābāhaṃ bandhitvā vassa- kārassa brāhmaṇassa dassesuṃ. Vassakāro ca tadā rañño vinicchaye niyutto hutvā chejjabhejjaṃ anusāsati. So "pubbe mama vacanaṃ nādiyi, suddhapāsaṇḍiyesu pabbajī"ti ca baddhāghātattā kammaṃ asodhetvāva jīvantameva taṃ sūle uttāsesi. 2-

Athassa bhagavā ñāṇaparipākaṃ oloketvā taṃ ṭhānaṃ gantvā vipphurantahatthanakha- maṇimayūkhasambhinnasitābhatāya paggharantajātihiṅgulakasuvaṇṇarasadhāraṃ viya 3- jālāguṇṭhitamudutalunadīghaṅgulihatthaṃ uttarassa sīse ṭhapetvā "uttara idaṃ te purimakammassa phalaṃ uppannaṃ, tattha tayā paccavekkhaṇabalena adhivāsanā kātabbā"ti vatvā ajjhāsayānurūpaṃ dhammaṃ desesi. Uttaro amatābhisekasadisena satthu hatthasamphassena sañjātappasādasomanassatāya uḷāraṃ pītipāmojjaṃ paṭilabhitvā yathāparicitaṃ vipassanā- maggaṃ samārūḷho ñāṇassa paripākaṃ gatattā satthu ca desanāvilāsena tāvadeva maggapaṭipāṭiyā sabbakilese khepetvā chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne 4- :-

"sumedho nāma sambuddho bāttiṃsavaralakkhaṇo

vivekakāmo bhagavā 5- himavantamupāgami.

Ajjhogāhetvā himavantaṃ aggo kāruṇiko muni

@Footnote: 1 Sī.,i. ummaggacoro, Ma. ummaṅgacoro 2 Ma. uttāpesi

@3 Ma.....suvaṇṇassa dhāraṃ viya 4 khu.apa. 33/91/139 tīṇikaṇikārapupphiyattherāpadāna

@ (syā) 5 pāli. sambuddho

Pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvāna nisīdi purisuttamo.

Vijjādharo tadā āsiṃ antalikkhacaro ahaṃ

tisūlaṃ sukataṃ 1- gayha gacchāmi ambare tadā.

Pabbatagge yathā aggi puṇṇamāyeva candimā

vanaṃ obhāsate buddho sālarājāva phullito.

Vanato 2- nikkhamitvāna buddharaṃsībhidhāvare

naḷaggivaṇṇasaṅkāsā 3- disvā cittaṃ pasādayiṃ.

Vicinaṃ addasaṃ pupphaṃ kaṇikāraṃ devagandhikaṃ

tīṇi pupphāni ādāya buddhaseṭṭhamapūjayiṃ.

Buddhassa ānubhāvena tīṇi pupphāni me tadā

uddhaṃvaṇṭā adhopattā chāyaṃ kubbanti satthuno.

Tena kammena sukatena cetanāpaṇidhīhi ca

jahitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ tāvatiṃsamagacchahaṃ.

Tattha me sukataṃ byamhaṃ kaṇikārīti 4- ñāyati

saṭṭhiyojanamubbedhaṃ tiṃsayojanavitthataṃ.

Sahassakaṇḍaṃ 5- sattageṇḍu 6- dhajālu haritāmayaṃ

satasahassaniyyūhā 7- byamhe pātubhaviṃsu me.

Soṇṇamayā maṇimayā lohitaṅkamayāpi ca

phalikāpi ca pallaṅkā yenicchakā yadicchakā.

Mahārahañca sayanaṃ tulikaṃ vikatissakaṃ 8-

uddhalomiñca ekantaṃ bimbohanasamāyutaṃ.

Bhavanā nikkhamitvāna caranto devacārikaṃ

@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. sugataṃ 2 cha.Ma. vanaggā 3 Sī. naḷaggivanasaṃkāsā 4 Sī. kaṇikāroti

@5 Sī. sahassakhandhaṃ 6 cha.Ma. satabheṇḍu 7 Sī. satasahassāni byūhāni

@8 cha.Ma. tūlikā vikatīyutaṃ

Yathā icchāmi gamanaṃ devasaṅghapurakkhato.

Pupphassa heṭṭhā tiṭṭhāmi uparicchadanaṃ mama

samantā yojanasataṃ kaṇikārehi chāditaṃ.

Saṭṭhī turiyasahassāni sāyaṃ pātaṃ upaṭṭhahuṃ

parivārenti maṃ niccaṃ rattindivamatanditā.

Tattha naccehi gītehi tāḷehi vāditehi ca

ramāmi khiḍḍā ratiyā modāmi kāmakāmahaṃ.

Tattha bhutvā pivitvā ca modāmi tidase tadā

nārīgaṇehi sahito modāmi byamhamuttame.

Satānaṃ pañcakkhattuñca devarajjamakārayiṃ

satānaṃ tīṇikkhattuñca cakkavattī ahosahaṃ

padesarajjaṃ vipulaṃ gaṇanāto asaṅkhiyaṃ.

Bhavābhave 1- saṃsaranto mahābhogaṃ labhāmahaṃ

bhoge me ūnatā natthi buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

Duve bhave saṃsarāmi devatte atha mānuse

aññaṃ gatiṃ na jānāmi buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

Duve kule 2- pajāyāmi khattiye cāpi brāhmaṇe

nīce kule na jānāmi buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

Hatthiyānaṃ assayānaṃ sivikaṃ sandamānikaṃ

labhāmi sabbamevetaṃ buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

Dāsīgaṇaṃ dāsagaṇaṃ nāriyo samalaṅkatā

labhāmi sabbamevetaṃ buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

Koseyyakambaliyāni khomakappāsikāni ca

@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. bhave bhave 2 Sī. yattha pacchā

Labhāmi sabbamevetaṃ buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

Navavatthaṃ navaphalaṃ navaggarasabhojanaṃ

labhāmi sabbamevetaṃ buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

Ime 1- khāda ime 1- bhuñja imamhi sayane saya

labhāmi sabbamevetaṃ buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

Sabbattha pūjito homi yaso accuggato mama

mahesakkho 2- sadā homi abhejjapariso sadā

ñātīnaṃ uttamo homi buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

Sītaṃ uṇhaṃ na jānāmi pariḷāho na vijjati

atho cetasikaṃ dukkhaṃ hadaye me na vijjati.

Suvaṇṇavaṇṇo hutvāna saṃsarāmi bhavābheve

vevaṇṇiyaṃ na jānāmi buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

Devalokā cavitvāna sukkamūlena codito

sāvatthiyaṃ pure jāto mahāsāle suaḍḍhake.

Pañca kāmaguṇe hitvā pabbajiṃ anagāriyaṃ

jātiyā sattavassohaṃ arahattamapāpuṇiṃ.

Upasampādayī buddho guṇamaññāya cakkhumā

taruṇo pūjanīyohaṃ buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

Dibbacakkhu visuddhaṃ me samādhikusalo ahaṃ

abhiññāpāramippatto buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

Paṭisambhidā anuppatto iddhipādesu kovido

saddhamme 3- pāramippatto buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

Tiṃsakappasahassamhi yaṃ buddhamabhipūjayiṃ

@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. imaṃ 2 cha.Ma. mahāpakkho 3 cha.Ma. dhammesu

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ .pe. kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan"ti.

Chaḷabhiñño pana hutvā sūlato uṭṭhahitvā parānuddayāya ākāse ṭhatvā pāṭihāriyaṃ dassesi. Mahājano acchariyabbhūtacittajāto ahosi. Tāvadevassa vaṇo saṃruḷhi, so bhikkhūhi "āvuso tādisaṃ dukkhaṃ anubhavanto kathaṃ tvaṃ vipassanaṃ anuyuñjituṃ asakkhī"ti puṭṭho "pageva me 1- āvuso saṃsāre ādīnavo, saṅkhārānaṃ ca sabhāvo sudiṭṭho, evāhaṃ tādisaṃ dukkhaṃ anubhavantopi asakkhiṃ vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā visesaṃ adhigantun"ti dassento:-

"natthi koci bhavo nicco saṅkhārā vāpi sassatā

uppajjanti ca te khandhā cavanti aparāparaṃ.

Etamādīnavaṃ ñatvā bhavenamhi anatthiko

nissaṭo sabbakāmehi patto me āsavakkhayo"ti imaṃ gāthādvayaṃ abhāsi.

Tattha natthi koci bhavo niccoti kammabhavo uppattibhavo kāmabhavo rūpabhavo arūpabhavo saññībhavo asaññībhavo nevasaññīnāsaññībhavo ekavokārabhavo catuvokārabhavo pañcavokārabhavoti evaṃ bhedo, 2- tatthāpi hīno majjhimo ukkaṭṭho dīghāyuko sukhabahulo vomissasukhadukkhoti evaṃ vibhāgo 3- yo koci nicco dhuvo thiro apalokiyadhammo 4- natthi taṃ taṃ kāraṇaṃ paṭicca samuppannattā. Yasmā ca etadevaṃ, tasmā saṅkhārā vāpi 5- sassatā natthīti yojanā. Paccayehi saṅkhatattā "saṅkhārā"ti laddhanāme hi pañcakkhandhe upādāya bhavasamaññāya saṅkhārāva 6- hutvā sambhūtā jarāmaraṇena ca

@Footnote: 1 Sī. ayaṃ pāṭho na dissati 2 Sī. evaṃ pabhedo 3 Sī. evañhi bhavo

@4 i. appalokinadhammo 5 i. saṅkhārāpi 6 Ma. saṅkhārā ca Vipariṇamantīti asassatā vipariṇāmadhammā. Tathā hi te "saṅkhārā"ti vuccanti. Tenāha uppajjanti ca te khandhā, cavanti aparāparanti. Te bhavapariyāyena saṅkhārapariyāyena 1- ca vuttā pañcakkhandhā yathāpaccayaṃ aparāparaṃ uppajjanti, uppannā ca jarāya paripīḷitā hutvā cavanti paribhijjantīti attho. Etena "bhavo, saṅkhārā"ti ca laddhavohārā pañcakkhandhā udayabbayasabhāvāti dasseti. Yasmā tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā saṅkhāre sammasantassa tayopi bhavā ādittaṃ viya saṅkhate 2- ādīnavaṃ dosaṃ pageva vipassanāpaññāya jānitvā aniccalakkhaṇehi diṭṭhā saṅkhārā dukkhānattā vibhūtatarā upaṭṭhahanti, tenāha bhagavā "yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ, yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā"ti. 3-

Yasmā tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā saṅkhāre sammasantassa tayopi bhavā ādittaṃ viya agāraṃ sappaṭibhayā 4- upaṭṭhahanti, tasmā āha "bhavenamhi anatthiko"ti. Evaṃ pana sabbaso bhavehi vinivattiyamānassa kāmesu apekkhāya 5- lesopi na sambhavatiyeva, tenāha "nissaṭo sabbakāmehī"ti, amhīti yojanā. Mānusehi viya dibbehipi kāmehi nivattitacittosmīti attho. Patto me āsavakkhayoti yasmā evaṃ suparimajjitasaṅkhāro bhavesu suparidiṭṭhādīnavo kāmesu ca anāsattamānaso 6- tasmā sūlamatthake nisinnenāpi me mayā patto adhigato āsavakkhayo nibbānaṃ arahattañcāti. Aññehi ca sabrahmacārīhi appattamānasehi tadadhigamāya ussāho karaṇīyoti bhikkhūnaṃ ovādamadāsi.

Uttarattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

@Footnote: 1 Sī. ayaṃ pāṭho na dissati 2 Sī.,i. saṅkhataṃ 3 saṃ.khandha. 17/15/19 yadaniccasutta

@4 Sī.,i.,Ma. sappaṭibhayaṃ 5 i.,Ma. anapekkhāya 6 Sī.,i. anāvattamānaso