๔. จูฬปันถกเถรคาถา

373. 4. Cūḷapanthakattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

dandhā mayhaṃ gatītiādikā āyasmato cūḷapanthakattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti?

yadettha atthuppattivasena vattabbaṃ, taṃ aṭṭhakanipāte mahāpanthakavatthusmiṃ 2- vuttameva. Ayaṃ pana viseso:- mahāpanthakatthero arahattaṃ patvā aggaphalasukhena vītināmento cintesi "kathaṃ nu kho sakkā cūḷapanthakampi imasmiṃ sukhe patiṭṭhapetun"ti. So attano ayyakaṃ dhanaseṭṭhiṃ upasaṅkamitvā āha "sace mahāseṭṭhi anujānātha, ahaṃ cūḷapanthakaṃ pabbājeyyan"ti. Pabbājetha bhanteti. Thero taṃ pabbājesi. So dasasu sīlesu patiṭṭhito bhātu santike:-

"padumaṃ yathā kokanadaṃ sugandhaṃ

pāto siyā phullamavītagandhaṃ

aṅgīrasaṃ passa virocamānaṃ

tapantamādiccamivantalikkhe"ti 3-

@Footnote: 1 Sī. taranti iti 2 thera. aṭṭhakathā 2/364/(3)/223

@3 saṃ.sagā. 15/123/97 pañcarājasutta, aṅ.pañcaka. 22/195/266

@piṅgiyānīsutta (syā) Gāthaṃ uggaṇhanto catūhi māsehi gahetuṃ nāsakkhi, gahitagahitaṃ padaṃ hadaye na tiṭṭhati, atha naṃ mahāpanthako āha "panthaka tvaṃ imasmiṃ sāsane abhabbo, 1- catūhi māsehi ekagāthampi gahetuṃ na sakkosi, pabbajitakiccaṃ pana tvaṃ kathaṃ matthakaṃ pāpessasi, nikkhama ito"ti. So therena paṇāmito dvārakoṭṭhakasamīpe rodamāno aṭṭhāsi.

Tena ca samayena satthā jīvakambavane viharati. Atha jīvako purisaṃ pesesi "pañcahi bhikkhusatehi saddhiṃ satthāraṃ nimantehī"ti. Tena ca samayena āyasmā mahāpanthako bhattuddesako hoti. So "pañcannaṃ bhikkhusatānaṃ bhikkhaṃ paṭicchatha bhante"ti vutto "cūḷapanthakaṃ ṭhapetvā sesānaṃ paṭicchāmī"ti āha. Taṃ sutvā cūḷapanthako bhiyyoso mattāya domanassappatto ahosi. Satthā tassa cittakkhedaṃ ñatvā "cūḷapanthako mayā katena upāyena bujjhissatī"ti tassa avidūre ṭhāne attānaṃ dassetvā "kiṃ panthaka rodasī"ti pucchi. "bhātā maṃ bhante paṇāmetī"ti āha. "panthaka mā cintayi, mama sāsane tuyhaṃ pabbajjā, ehi, imaṃ gahetvā "rajoharaṇaṃ, rajoharaṇan'ti manasi karohī"ti iddhiyā suddhaṃ coḷakkhaṇḍaṃ abhisaṅkharitvā adāsi. So satthārā dinnaṃ coḷakkhaṇḍaṃ "rajoharaṇaṃ, rajoharaṇan"ti hatthena parimajjanto nisīdi. Tassa taṃ parimajjantassa kiliṭṭhadhātukaṃ jātaṃ, puna parimajjantassa ukkhali- paripuñchanasadisaṃ jātaṃ, so ñāṇassa paripakkattā 2- evaṃ cintesi "idaṃ coḷakkhaṇḍaṃ pakatiyā parisuddhaṃ, imaṃ upādinnakasarīraṃ nissāya kiliṭṭhaṃ aññathā jātaṃ, tasmā aniccaṃ yathāpetaṃ, evaṃ cittampī"ti khayavayaṃ paṭṭhapetvā tasmiṃyeva nimitte jhānāni nibbattetvā jhānapādakaṃ vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā saha paṭisambhidāhi arahattaṃ pāpuṇi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne 3-:-

"padumuttaro nāma jino āhutīnaṃ paṭiggaho

gaṇamhā vūpakaṭṭho so himavante vasī tadā.

@Footnote: 1 Sī. andho 2 Sī.,i. paripākagatattā 3 khu.apa. 2/35/81

Ahampi himavantamhi vasāmi assame tadā

acirāgataṃ mahāvīraṃ upesiṃ lokanāyakaṃ.

Pupphacchattaṃ gahetvāna upagañchiṃ 1- narāsabhaṃ

samādhiṃ samāpajjantaṃ antarāyamakāsahaṃ.

Ubho hatthehi paggayha pupphacchattaṃ adāsahaṃ

paṭiggahesi bhagavā padumuttaro mahāmuni.

Sabbe devā attamanā himavantaṃ upenti te

sādhukāraṃ pavattesuṃ anumodissati cakkhumā.

Idaṃ vatvāna te devā upagañchuṃ naruttamaṃ

ākāse dhārayantassa padumacchattamuttamaṃ.

Satapattachattaṃ paggayha adāsi tāpaso mama

tamahaṃ kittayissāmi suṇātha mama bhāsato.

Pañcavīsatikappāni devarajjaṃ karissati

catuttiṃsatikkhattuṃ ca cakkavattī bhavissati.

Yaṃ yaṃ yoniṃ saṃsarati devattaṃ atha mānusaṃ

abbhokāse patiṭṭhantaṃ padumaṃ dhārayissati.

Kappasatasahassamhi okkākakulasambhavo

gotamo nāma gottena 2- satthā loke bhavissati.

Pakāsite pāvacane manussattaṃ labhissati

manomayamhi kāyamhi uttamo so bhavissati.

Dve bhātaro bhavissanti ubhopi panthakavhayā

anubhotvā uttamatthaṃ jotayissanti sāsanaṃ.

So aṭṭhārasavassohaṃ 3- pabbajiṃ anagāriyaṃ

visesāhaṃ na vindāmi sakyaputtassa sāsane.

@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. upagacchiṃ 2 Sī.,Ma. nāmena 3 cha.Ma. sohaṃ aṭṭhārasavasso

Dandhā mayhaṃ gatī āsi paribhūto pure ahuṃ

bhātā ca maṃ paṇāmesi gaccha dāni sakaṃ gharaṃ.

Sohaṃ paṇāmito santo saṃghārāmassa koṭṭhake

dummano tattha aṭṭhāsiṃ sāmaññasmiṃ apekkhavā.

Athettha satthā 1- āgacchi sīsaṃ mayhaṃ parāmasi

bāhāya maṃ gahetvāna saṃghārāmaṃ pavesayi.

Anukampāya me satthā adāsi pādapuñchaniṃ

evaṃ suddhaṃ adhiṭṭhehi ekamantamadhiṭṭhahaṃ. 2-

Hatthehi tamahaṃ gayha sariṃ kokanadaṃ ahaṃ

tattha cittaṃ vimucci me arahattaṃ apāpuṇiṃ.

Manomayesu kāyesu sabbattha pāramiṃ gato

sabbāsave pariññāya viharāmi anāsavo.

Paṭisambhidā catasso .pe. Kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan"ti.

Arahattamaggenevassa tepiṭakaṃ pañcābhiññā ca āgamiṃsu. Satthā ekena ūnehi pañcahi bhikkhusatehi saddhiṃ gantvā jīvakassa nivesane paññatte āsane nisīdi, cūḷapanthako pana attano bhikkhāya appaṭicchitattā eva na gato. Jīvako yāguṃ dātuṃ ārabhi, satthā pattaṃ hatthena pidahi. "kasmā bhante na gaṇhathā"ti vutte vihāre eko bhikkhu atthi jīvakāti. So purisaṃ pahiṇi "gaccha bhaṇe vihāre nisinnaṃ ayyaṃ gahetvā ehī"ti. Cūḷapanthakattheropi rūpena kiriyāya ca 3- ekampi ekena asadisaṃ bhikkhusahassaṃ nimminitvā nisīdi. So puriso vihāre bhikkhūnaṃ bahubhāvaṃ disvā gantvā jīvakassa kathesi "imasmā bhikkhusaṃghā vihāre bhikkhusaṃgho bahutaro, pakkositabbaṃ ayyaṃ na jānāmī"ti. Jīvako satthāraṃ paṭipucchi "konāmo bhante

@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. bhagavā tattha 2 pāli. ekamantaṃ adhiṭṭhitaṃ

@3 i. cūḷapanthakatthero virūpakiriyāya Vihāre nisinno bhikkhū"ti. Cūḷapanthako nāma jīvakāti. Gaccha bhaṇe `cūḷapanthako nāma kataro'ti pucchitvā taṃ ānehīti. So vihāraṃ gantvā "cūḷapanthako nāma kataro bhante"ti pucchi. "ahaṃ cūḷapanthako, ahaṃ cūḷapanthako"ti ekapahāreneva bhikkhusahassampi kathesi. So punāgantvā taṃ pavattiṃ jīvakassa ārocesi. Jīvako paṭividdhasaccattā "iddhimā maññe ayyo"ti nayato ñatvā "gaccha bhaṇe paṭhamaṃ kathanakamayyameva `tumhe satthā pakkosatī'ti vatvā cīvarakaṇṇe gaṇhā"ti āha. So vihāraṃ gantvā tathā akāsi, tāvadeva nimmitabhikkhū antaradhāyiṃsu, so theraṃ gahetvā agamāsi.

Satthā tasmiṃ khaṇe yāguṃ ca khajjakādibhedañca paṭiggaṇhi. Dasabale bhattakiccaṃ katvā vihāraṃ gate dhammasabhāyaṃ kathā udapādi "aho buddhānaṃ ānubhāvo, yatra hi nāma cattāro māse ekagāthaṃ gahetuṃ asakkontampi lahukena khaṇeneva evaṃ mahiddhikaṃ akaṃsū"ti satthā tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ kathāsallāpaṃ sutvā āgantvā buddhāsane nisajja "kiṃ vadetha bhikkhave"ti pucchitvā "imaṃ nāma bhante"ti vutte "bhikkhave cūḷapanthakena idāni mayhaṃ ovāde ṭhatvā lokuttaradāyajjaṃ laddhaṃ, pubbe pana lokiyadāyajjan"ti vatvā tehi yācito cūḷaseṭṭhijātakaṃ 1- kathesi. Aparabhāge taṃ satthā ariyagaṇaparivuto dhammāsane nisinno manomayaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimminantānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ ceto- vivaṭṭakusalānañca aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi. So aparena samayena bhikkhūhi "tathā dandhadhātukena kathaṃ tayā saccāni paṭividdhānī"ti puṭṭho bhātu paṇāmanato paṭṭhāya attano paṭipattiṃ pakāsento:-

"dandhā mayhaṃ gatī āsi paribhūto pure ahaṃ

bhātā ca maṃ paṇāmesi gaccha dāni tuvaṃ gharaṃ.

Sohaṃ paṇāmito santo saṃghārāmassa koṭṭhake

dummano tattha aṭṭhāsiṃ sāsanasmiṃ apekkhavā.

@Footnote: 1 khu.jā. 27/4/2 cullakaseṭṭhijātaka (syā)

Bhagavā tattha āgacchi sīsaṃ mayhaṃ parāmasi

bāhāyaṃ 1- maṃ gahetvāna ghaṃrārāmaṃ pavesayi.

Anukampāya me satthā pādāsi pādapuñchaniṃ

etaṃ suddhaṃ adhiṭṭhehi ekamantaṃ svadhiṭṭhitaṃ.

Tassāhaṃ vacanaṃ sutvā vihāsiṃ sāsane rato

samādhiṃ paṭipādesiṃ uttamatthassa pattiyā.

Pubbenivāsaṃ jānāmi dibbacakkhu 2- visodhitaṃ

tisso vijjā anuppattā kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ.

Sahassakkhattumattānaṃ nimminitvāna panthako

nisīdambavane ramme yāva kālappavedanā.

Tato me satthā pāhesi dūtaṃ kālappavedakaṃ

paveditamhi kālamhi vehāsādupasaṅkamiṃ.

Vanditvā satthuno pāde ekamantaṃ nisīdahaṃ

nisinnaṃ maṃ viditvāna atha satthā paṭiggahi.

Āyāgo sabbalokassa āhutīnaṃ paṭiggaho

puññakkhettaṃ manussānaṃ paṭiggaṇhittha dakkhiṇan"ti imā gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha dandhāti mandā, catuppadikaṃ gāthaṃ catūhi māsehi gahetuṃ asamatthabhāvena dubbalā. Gatīti ñāṇagati. Āsīti ahosi. Paribhūtoti tato eva "muṭṭhassati asampajāno"ti hīḷito. Pureti pubbe puthujjanakāle. Bhātā cāti samuccayattho casaddo, na kevalaṃ paribhūtova, athakho bhātāpi maṃ paṇāmesi "panthaka tvaṃ duppañño ahetuko maññe, tasmā pabbajitakiccaṃ matthakaṃ pāpetuṃ asamattho, na imassa sāsanassa anucchaviko, gaccha dāni tuyhaṃ ayyakagharan"ti nikkaḍḍhesi. Bhātāti bhātaRā.

@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. bāhāya 2 pāli. dibbacakkhuṃ

Koṭṭhaketi dvārakoṭṭhakasamīpe. Dummanoti domanassito. Sāsanasmiṃ apekkhavāti sammāsambuddhassa sāsane sāpekkho avibbhamitukāmo.

Bhagavā tattha āgacchīti mahākaruṇāsañcoditamānaso maṃ anuggaṇhanto bhagavā yatthāhaṃ ṭhito, tattha āgacchi. Āgantvā ca "panthaka ahaṃ te satthā, na mahāpanthako, maṃ uddissa tava pabbajjā"ti samassāsento sīsaṃ mayhaṃ parāmasi jālābandhanamudutalunapīṇavarāyataṅgulisamupasobhitena vikasitapadumasassirīkena cakkaṅkitena hatthatalena "idāniyeva mama putto bhavissatī"ti dīpento mayhaṃ sīsaṃ parāmasi. Bāhāya maṃ gahetvānāti "kasmā tvaṃ idha tiṭṭhasī"ti candanagandhagandhinā 1- attano hatthena maṃ bhuje gahetvā antosaṃghārāmaṃ pavesesi. Pādāsi pādapuñchaninti pādapuñchaniṃ katvā pādāsi "rajoharaṇanti manasi karohī"ti adāsīti attho. "adāsī"ti "pādapuñchanin"ti ca paṭhanti. Keci pana "pādapuñchaninti pādapuñchanacoḷakkhaṇḍaṃ pādāsī"ti vadanti. Tadayuttaṃ iddhiyā abhisaṅkharitvā coḷakkhaṇḍassa dinnattā. Etaṃ suddhaṃ adhiṭṭhehi, ekamantaṃ svadhiṭṭhitanti etaṃ suddhaṃ coḷakkhaṇḍaṃ "rajoharaṇaṃ, rajoharaṇan"ti manasikārena svadhiṭṭhitaṃ katvā ekamantaṃ ekamante vivitte gandhakuṭipamkhe nisinno adhiṭṭhehi 2- tathā cittaṃ samāhitaṃ katvā pavattehi.

Tassāhaṃ vacanaṃ sutvāti tassa bhagavato vacanaṃ ovādaṃ ahaṃ sutvā tasmiṃ sāsane ovāde rato abhirato hutvā vihāsiṃ yathānusiṭṭhaṃ paṭipajjiṃ. Paṭipajjanto ca samādhiṃ paṭipādesiṃ, uttamatthassa pattiyāti 3- uttamattho nāma arahattaṃ, tassa adhigamāya kasiṇaparikammavasena rūpajjhānāni nibbattetvā jhānapādakaṃ vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā maggapaṭipāṭiyā aggamaggasamādhiṃ sampādesinti attho. Ettha hi samādhīti upacārasamādhito paṭṭhāya yāva catutthamaggasamādhi, tāva samādhisāmaññena gahito, aggaphalasamādhi pana uttamatthaggahaṇena, sātisayaṃ cevāyaṃ samādhikusalo, tasmā "samādhiṃ

@Footnote: 1 Sī. candanagandhagandhitaṃ 2 Sī.,i. adhiṭṭhehīti 3 Sī.,i.,Ma. pattiyā Paṭipādesin"ti āha. Samādhikusalatāya hi ayamāyasmā cetovivaṭṭakusalo nāma jāto, mahāpanthakatthero pana vipassanākusalatāya saññāvivaṭṭakusalo nāma. Eko cettha samādhilakkhaṇe cheko, eko vipassanālakkhaṇe, eko samādhigāḷho, eko vipassanā- gāḷho, eko aṅgasaṅkhitte cheko, eko ārammaṇasaṅkhitte, eko aṅgavavatthāne, eko ārammaṇavavatthāneti vaṇṇenti. Apica cūḷapanthakatthero sātisayaṃ catunnaṃ rūpāvacarajjhānānaṃ lābhitāya cetovivaṭṭakusalo vutto, mahāpanthakatthero sātisayaṃ catunnaṃ arūpāvacarajjhānānaṃ lābhitāya saññāvivaṭṭakusalo. Paṭhamo vā rūpāvacarajjhāna- lābhī hutvā jhānaṅgehi vuṭṭhāya arahattaṃ pattoti cetovivaṭṭakusalo, itaro arūpāvacarajjhānalābhī hutvā jhānaṅgehi vuṭṭhāya arahattaṃ pattoti saññāvivaṭṭakusalo. Manomayaṃ pana kāyaṃ nibbattento aññe tayo vā cattāro vā nibbattenti, na bahuke, ekasadiseyeva ca katvā nibbattenti, ekavidhameva kammaṃ kurumāne. Ayaṃ pana thero ekāvajjanena samaṇasahassaṃ māpesi, dvepi na kāyena ekasadise akāsi, na ekavidhaṃ 1- kammaṃ kurumāne. Tasmā manomayaṃ kāyaṃ abhinimminantānaṃ aggo nāma jāto.

Idāni attano adhigatavisesaṃ dassetuṃ "pubbenivāsaṃ jānāmī"tiādimāha. Kāmañcāyaṃ thero chaḷabhiñño, yā pana abhiññā āsavakkhayañāṇādhigamassa bahūpakārā, taṃ dassanatthaṃ "pubbenivāsaṃ jānāmi, dibbacakkhu visodhitan"ti vatvā "tisso vijjā anuppattā"ti vuttaṃ. Pubbenivāsayathākammupagaanāgataṃsañāṇāni hi vipassanācārassa bahūpakārāni, na tathā itarañāṇāni.

Sahassakkhattunti sahassaṃ. "sahassavāran"ti keci vadanti. Ekāvajjanena 2- pana thero sahasse manomaye kāye nimmini, na vārena. Te ca kho aññamaññamasadise 3- vividhañca kammaṃ karonte. Kiṃ pana sāvakānampi evarūpaṃ iddhinimmānaṃ sambhavatīti?

@Footnote: 1 Ma. ekasadisaṃ 2 Sī.,i. sahassadhā sahassavāranti ekāvajjaneneva

@3 Sī.,i. aññamaññaṃ visadisaṃ Na sambhavati sabbesaṃ, abhinīhārasampattiyā pana ayameva thero evamakāsi, tathā hesa iminā aṅgena etadagge ṭhapito. Panthako nisīdīti attānameva paraṃ viya vadati. Ambavaneti ambavane jīvakena katavihāre. Vehāsādupasaṅkaminti vehāsāti karaṇe nissakkavacanaṃ, vehāsenāti attho, dakāro padasandhikaro. Athāti mama nisajjāya pacchā. Paṭiggahīti dakkhiṇodakaṃ paṭiggaṇhi. Āyāgo sabbalokassāti sabbassa sadevakassa lokassa aggadakkhiṇeyyatāya deyyadhammaṃ ānetvā yajitabbaṭṭhāna- bhūto. Āhutīnaṃ paṭiggahoti mahāphalabhāvakaraṇena dakkhiṇāhutīnaṃ paṭiggaṇhako. Paṭiggaṇhittha dakkhiṇanti jīvakena upanītaṃ yāgukhajjādibhedaṃ dakkhiṇaṃ paṭiggahesi.

Athakho bhagavā katabhattakicco āyasmantaṃ cūḷapanthakaṃ āṇāpesi "anumodanaṃ karohī"ti. So sineruṃ gahetvā mahāsamuddaṃ manthento viya pabhinnapaṭisambhidāp- pattatāya tepiṭakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ saṅkhobhento satthu ajjhāsayaṃ gaṇhanto anumodanaṃ akāsi. Tathā upanissayasampannopi cāyamāyasmā tathārūpāya kammapilotikāya paribādhito 1- catuppadikaṃ gāthaṃ catūhipi māsehi gahetuṃ nāsakkhi. Taṃ panassa upanissayasampattiṃ oloketvā satthā pubbacariyānurūpaṃ yonisomanasikāre niyojesi. Tathā hi bhagavā tadā jīvakassa nivesane nisinno eva "cūḷapanthakassa cittaṃ samāhitaṃ, vīthipaṭipannā vipassanā"ti ñatvā yathānisinnova attānaṃ dassetvā "panthaka yadipāyaṃ pilotikā saṅkiliṭṭhā rajānukiṇṇā, ito pana añño eva ariyassa vinaye saṅkileso rajo cā"ti dassento:-

"rāgo rajo na ca pana reṇu vuccati

rāgassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ rajoti

etaṃ rajaṃ vippajahitvā bhikkhavo

viharanti te vītarajassa sāsane.

@Footnote: 1 Sī.,i. paripanthito

Doso rajo na ca pana reṇu vuccati

dosassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ rajoti

etaṃ rajaṃ vippajahitvā bhikkhavo

viharanti te vītarajassa sāsane.

Moho rajo na ca pana reṇu vuccati

mohassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ rajoti

etaṃ rajaṃ vippajahitvā bhikkhavo

viharanti te vītarajassa sāsane"ti imā tisso osānagāthā 1- abhāsi. Gāthāpariyosāne cūḷapanthako abhiññāpaṭisambhidā- parivāraṃ arahattaṃ pāpuṇīti.

Cūḷapanthakattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.