๑. อัญญโกณฑัญญเถรคาถา

15. Soḷasakanipāta

383. 1. Aññākoṇḍaññattheragāthāvaṇṇanā 1-

soḷasakanipāte esa bhiyyo pasīdāmītiādikā āyasmato aññākoṇḍaññat- therassa gāthā. Kā uppatti?

ayampi padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle haṃsavatīnagare gahapatimahāsālakule nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patvā ekadivasaṃ satthu santike dhammaṃ suṇanto satthāraṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ attano sāsane paṭhamaṃ paṭividdhadhammarattaññūnaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā sayampi taṃ ṭhānantaraṃ patthento satasahassabhikkhuparivārassa satthuno sattāhaṃ mahādānaṃ pavattetvā paṇidhānaṃ akāsi. Satthāpissa anantarāyataṃ disvā bhāviniṃ sampattiṃ byākāsi. So yāvajīvaṃ puññāni katvā satthari parinibbute cetiye patiṭṭhāpiyamāne antocetiye ratanagharaṃ kāresi, cetiyaṃ parivāretvā sahassaratanagghiyāni ca kāresi.

So evaṃ puññāni katvā tato cavitvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto vipassissa bhagavato kāle mahākālo nāma kuṭumbiko hutvā aṭṭhakarīsamatte khette sāligabbhaṃ phāletvā gahitasālitaṇḍulehi asambhinnakhīrapāyāsaṃ sampādetvā tattha madhusappisakkarādayo pakkhipitvā buddhappamukhassa saṃghassa adāsi. Sāligabbhaṃ phāletvā gahita- gahitaṭṭhānaṃ puna pūrati, puthukakāle puthukaggaṃ nāma adāsi. Lāyane 2- lāyanaggaṃ, veṇikaraṇe veṇaggaṃ, kalāpādikaraṇe kalāpaggaṃ, khalaggaṃ, bhaṇḍaggaṃ, minaggaṃ, koṭṭhagganti evaṃ ekasasse nava vāre aggadānaṃ nāma adāsi, tampi sassaṃ atirekataraṃ sampannaṃ ahosi.

Evaṃ yāvajīvaṃ puññāni katvā tato cuto devaloke nibbattitvā devesu ca manussesu ca saṃsaranto amhākaṃ bhagavato uppattito puretarameva kapilavatthunagarassa

@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. aññāsi....., Sī. aññāta..... 2 Sī. lāyamāne Avidūre doṇavatthunāmake brāhmaṇagāme brāhmaṇamahāsālakule nibbatti, tassa koṇḍaññoti gottato āgataṃ nāmaṃ ahosi. So vayappatto tayo vede uggahetvā lakkhaṇamantesu ca pāraṃ agamāsi. Tena samayena amhākaṃ bodhisatto tusitapurato cavitvā kapilavatthupure suddhodanamahārājassa gehe nibbatti, tassa nāmaggahaṇadivase aṭṭhuttarasatesu brāhmaṇesu upanītesu ye aṭṭha brāhmaṇā lakkhaṇapariggahaṇatthaṃ mahātalaṃ upanītā. So tesu sabbanavako hutvā mahāpurisassa lakkhaṇanipphattiṃ disvā "ekaṃsena ayaṃ buddho bhavissatī"ti niṭṭhaṃ gantvā mahāsattassa abhinikkhamanaṃ udikkhanto vicarati.

Bodhisattopi kho mahatā parivārena vaḍḍhamāno anukkamena vuḍḍhippatto ñāṇaparipākaṃ gantvā ekūnatiṃsatime 1- vasse mahābhinikkhamanaṃ nikkhamanto anomānadītīre pabbajitvā anukkamena uruvelaṃ gantvā padhānaṃ padahi. Tadā koṇḍañño māṇavo mahāsattassa pabbajitabhāvaṃ sutvā lakkhaṇapariggāhakabrāhmaṇānaṃ puttehi vappamāṇavādīhi saddhiṃ attapañcamo pabbajitvā 2- anukkamena bodhisattassa santikaṃ upasaṅkamitvā chabbassāni taṃ upaṭṭhahanto tassa oḷārikāhāraparibhogena nibbinno apakkamitvā isipatanaṃ agamāsi. Athakho bodhisatto oḷārikāhāraparibhogena laddhakāyabalo visākhapuṇṇamāyaṃ bodhirukkhamūle aparājitapallaṅke nisinno tiṇṇaṃ mārānaṃ matthakaṃ madditvā abhisambuddho hutvā sattasattāhaṃ bodhimaṇḍeyeva vītināmetvā pañcavaggiyānaṃ ñāṇaparipākaṃ ñatvā āsāḷhīpuṇṇamāyaṃ isipatanaṃ gantvā tesaṃ dhammacakkapavattanasuttantaṃ 3- desesi. Desanāpariyosāne koṇḍaññatthero aṭṭhārasahi brahmakoṭīhi saddhiṃ sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhāsi. Atha pañcamiyaṃ pakkhassa anattalakkhaṇa- suttantadesanāya 4- arahattaṃ sacchākāsi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne 5-:-

@Footnote: 1 ka. ekūnatiṃsatimeyeva 2 ka. pabbajitvāva 3 vinaYu.mahā. 4/13/13,

@saṃ.mahā. 19/1081/367 4 vinaYu.mahā. 4/20/17, saṃ.khandha. 17/59/55 khandhasaṃyutta

@5 khu.apa. 32/596/69

"padumuttarasambuddhaṃ lokajeṭṭhaṃ vināyakaṃ

buddhabhūmimanuppattaṃ paṭhamaṃ addasaṃ ahaṃ.

Yāvatā bodhiyā mūle yakkhā sabbe samāgatā

sambuddhaṃ parivāretvā vandanti pañjalīkatā.

Sabbe devā tuṭṭhamanā ākāse sañcaranti te

buddho ayaṃ anuppatto andhakāratamonudo.

Tesaṃ hāsaparetānaṃ mahānādo avattatha

kilese jhāpayissāma sammāsambuddhasāsane.

Devānaṃ giramaññāya vācāya samudīritaṃ 1-

haṭṭho haṭṭhena cittena ādibhikkhamadāsahaṃ.

Mama saṅkappamaññāya satthā loke anuttaro

devasaṅghe nisīditvā imā gāthā abhāsatha.

Sattāhaṃ abhinikkhamma bodhiṃ ajjhagamaṃ ahaṃ

idaṃ me paṭhamaṃ bhattaṃ brahmacārissa yāpanaṃ.

Tusitā hi idhāgantvā yo me bhikkhaṃ upānayi

tamahaṃ kittayissāmi suṇātha 2- mama bhāsato.

Tiṃsamatte kappasahasse 3- devarajjaṃ karissati

sabbe deve abhibhotvā tidivaṃ āvasissati.

Devalokā cavitvāna manussattaṃ gamissati

sahassadhā cakkavattī tattha rajjaṃ karissati.

Kappasatasahassamhi okkākakulasambhavo

gotamo nāma gottena satthā loke bhavissati.

Tidasā so cavitvāna manussattaṃ gamissati

agārā pabbajitvāna chabbassāni vasissati.

@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. vācāsabhimudīrihaṃ 2 cha.Ma. suṇotha 3 cha.Ma. tiṃsa kappasahassāni

Tato sattamake vasse buddho saccaṃ kathessati

koṇḍañño nāma nāmena paṭhamaṃ sacchikāhiti.

Nikkhantenānupabbajiṃ padhānaṃ sukataṃ mayā

kilese jhāpanatthāya pabbajiṃ anagāriyaṃ.

Adhigantvāna 1- sabbaññū buddho loke sadevake

isināme migāraññe amatabherimāhani.

So dāni patto amataṃ santipadamanuttaraṃ

sabbāsave pariññāya viharāmi anāsavo.

Paṭisambhidā catasso .pe. kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan"ti.

Atha naṃ satthā aparabhāge jetavanamahāvihāre bhikkhusaṃghamajjhe 2- paññatta- varabuddhāsane nisinno paṭhamaṃ paṭividdhadhammabhāvaṃ dīpento "etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ rattaññūnaṃ yadidaṃ aññākoṇḍañño"ti 3- etadagge ṭhapesi. So dvīhi aggasāvakehi attani kariyamānaṃ paramanipaccakāraṃ gāmantasenāsane ākiṇṇa- vihārañca pariharitukāmo vivekābhiratiyā viharitukāmo ca attano santikaṃ upagatānaṃ gahaṭṭhapabbajitānaṃ paṭisanthārakaraṇampi papañcaṃ maññamāno satthāraṃ āpucchitvā himavantaṃ pavisitvā chaddantehi nāgehi upaṭṭhiyamāno chaddantadahatīre dvādasa vassāni vasi. Evaṃ tattha vasantaṃ theraṃ ekadivasaṃ sakko devarājā upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā ṭhito evamāha "sādhu me bhante ayyo dhammaṃ desetū"ti. Thero tassa catusaccagabbhaṃ tilakkhaṇāhataṃ suññatapaṭisaṃyuttaṃ nānānayavicittaṃ amatogadhaṃ buddhalīlāya dhammaṃ desesi. Taṃ sutvā sakko attano pasādaṃ pavedento:-

"esa bhiyyo pasīdāmi sutvā dhammaṃ mahārasaṃ

virāgo desito dhammo anupādāya sabbaso"ti paṭhamaṃ gāthamāha.

@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. abhigantvāna 2 Sī. bhikkhusaṃghassa majjhe

@3 aṅ.ekaka. 20/188/23 etadaggavagga

Tattha esa bhiyyo pasīdāmi, sutvā dhammaṃ mahārasanti yadipi anekavāraṃ satthu santike dhammaṃ sutvā tattha abhippasanno, idāni pana tumhehi kathitaṃ 1- nānānaya- vicittatāya asecanakatāya 2- ca mahārasaṃ dhammaṃ sutvā eso ahaṃ tato bhiyyo pasīdāmi. Virāgo desito dhammo, anupādāya sabbasoti sabbasaṅkilesato sabbasaṅkhārato ca virajjanato virāgajananato virāgo. Tato eva rūpādīsu kañci dhammaṃ anupādāya aggahetvā vimuttisādhanavasena pavattattā sabbaso anupādāya desito.

Evaṃ sakko devarājā therassa desanaṃ thometvā theraṃ abhivādetvā sakaṭṭhānameva gato. Athekadivasaṃ thero micchāvitakkehi abhibhuyyamānānaṃ ekaccānaṃ puthujjanānaṃ cittācāraṃ disvā tappaṭipakkhabhūtañcassa anukkamaṃ anussaritvā attano ca sabbaso tato vinivattitamānasataṃ āvajjetvā tadatthaṃ dīpetvā:-

"bahūni loke citrāni asmiṃ paṭhavimaṇḍale

mathenti maññe saṅkappaṃ subhaṃ rāgūpasañhitaṃ.

Rajamuhatañca vātena yathā meghopasammaye

evaṃ sammanti saṅkappā yadā paññāya passatī"ti dve gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha bahūni loke citrānīti rūpādivasena tatthāpi nīlapītādivasena itthī- purisādivasena ca anekāni loke cittavicittāni ārammaṇajātāni. Asmiṃ paṭhavimaṇḍaleti paccakkhabhūtaṃ manussalokaṃ sandhāya vadati. Mathenti maññe saṅkappanti tajjaṃ purisavāyāmasahitaṃ araṇisahitaṃ viya aggiṃ ayonisomanasikārābhisaṅkhatāni micchā- saṅkappāni mathenti maññe mathentāni viya tiṭṭhanti. 3- Kīdisaṃ? subhaṃ rāgūpasañhitaṃ, kāmavitakkanti attho. So hi subhākāraggahaṇena "subho"ti vohariyati.

@Footnote: 1 Sī. kathitāya 2 Ma. āsevanakatāya 3 ka. tiṭṭhanti patiṭṭhahanti

Rajamuhatañca vātenāti caiti nipātamattaṃ, yathā gimhānaṃ pacchime māse vātena uhataṃ uṭṭhitaṃ 1- rajaṃ mahāmegho vassanto upasammaye vūpasameyya. Evaṃ sammanti saṅkappā, yadā paññāya passatīti yadā ariyasāvako tāni lokacitrāni samudayato assādato ādīnavato nissaraṇato ca yathābhūtaṃ paññāya passati, atha yathā taṃ rajaṃ uhataṃ meghena, evaṃ sammanti paññāya sabbepi micchāsaṅkappā. Na hi uppannāya sammādiṭṭhiyā micchāsaṅkappā patiṭṭhaṃ labhanti. Yathā pana paññāya passati, taṃ dassento:-

"sabbe saṅkhārā aniccāti yadā paññāya passati

atha nibbindati dukkhe esa maggo visuddhiyā.

Sabbe saṅkhārā dukkhāti .pe. Esa maggo visuddhiyā.

Sabbe dhammā anattāti yadā paññāya pasisati

atha nibbindati dukkhe esa maggo visuddhiyā"ti tisso gāthā abhāsi

tattha sabbe saṅkhārāti chaḷārammaṇasaṅgahā sabbe tebhūmikā pañcakkhandhā. Aniccāti "ādimajjhaantavantato, aniccantikato, tāvakālikato, tattha tattha bhijjanato na niccā"ti yadā vipassanāpaññāya passati. Atha nibbindati dukkheti atha imasmiṃ vaṭṭadukkhe nibbindati, nibbindanto dukkhaparijānanādividhinā saccāni paṭivijjhati. Esa maggo visuddhiyāti esa yathāvutto vipassanāvidhi ñāṇadassanavisuddhiyā accantavisuddhiyā ca maggo adhigamupāyo.

Dukkhāti sappaṭibhayato udayabbayasampaṭipīḷanato 2- dukkhamato sukhapaṭikkhepato ca dukkhā. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.

@Footnote: 1 ka. uṭṭhitaṃ samuṭṭhitaṃ 2 Sī. sappaṭipīḷanato

Sabbe dhammā anattāti sabbepi catubhūmikā dhammā anattā. Idha pana tebhūmikadhammāva gahetabbā. Te hi asārato avasavattanato suññato attapaṭikkhepato ca anattāti vipassitabbā. Sesaṃ purimasadisameva.

Evaṃ vipassanāvidhiṃ dassetvā tena vidhinā katakiccaṃ attānaṃ aññaṃ viya katvā dassento:-

"buddhānubuddho yo thero koṇḍañño tibbanikkamo 1-

pahīnajātimaraṇo brahmacariyassa kevalī.

Oghapāso daḷho khīlo 2- pabbato duppadālayo

chetvā khīlañca pāsañca selaṃ bhetvāna 3- dubbhidaṃ

tiṇṇo pāraṅgato jhāyī mutto so mārabandhanā"ti gāthādvayamāha.

Tattha buddhānubuddhoti buddhānaṃ anubuddho, sammāsambuddhehi bujjhitāni saccāni tesaṃ desanānusārena bujjhatīti attho. Thirehi asekkhehi sīlasārādīhi samannāgatoti thero. Koṇḍaññoti gottakittanaṃ. Tibbanikkamoti daḷhaviriyo thiraparakkamo. Jātimaraṇānaṃ pahīnakāraṇattā pahīnajātimaraṇo. Brahmacariyassa kevalīti maggabrahmacariyassa anavasesaṃ anavasesato vā maggabrahmacariyassa pāripūrako, athavā kevalī nāma kilesehi asammissatāya maggañāṇaṃ phalañāṇañca, taṃ imasmiṃ atthīti kevalī. Yasmā pana tadubhayampi maggabrahmacariyassa vasena hoti, na aññathā. Tasmā "brahmacariyassa kevalī"ti vuttaṃ.

Oghapāsoti "kāmogho bhavogho diṭṭhogho avijjogho"ti 4- evaṃ vuttā cattāro oghā, "antalikkhacaro pāso, yvāyaṃ carati mānaso"ti 5- evaṃ vutto rāgapāso

@Footnote: 1 i. tibbanikkhamo 2 cha.Ma. daḷhakhilo 3 ka. chetvāna

@4 abhi.saṅgaṇī. 34/1156/269 oghagocchaka, abhi.vibhaṅga. 35/938/457

@5 vinaYu.mahā. 4/33/28 mārakathā, saṃ.sagā. 15/151/135 mānasasutta Ca. Daḷho khīloti "satthari kaṅkhati, dhamme kaṅkhati, saṃghe kaṅkhati, sikkhāya kaṅkhati, sabrahmacārīsu kupito hoti anattamano āhatacitto khīlajāto"ti 1- evaṃ vutto daḷho thiro pañcavidho cetokhīlo ca. Pacurajanehi padāletuṃ asakkuṇeyyatāya duppadālayo. Tato eva pabbatasadisatāya pabbatoti ca saṅkhaṃ gato. "dukkhe aññāṇan"tiādinā 2- vā nayena vutto aññāṇappabhedo ca. Iti etaṃ sabbaṃ chetvā khīlañca pāsañcāti etesu catubbidhesu saṅkilesadhammesu yo khīlañca pāsañca ariyamaggañāṇāsinā chinditvā. Selaṃ bhetvāna dubbidanti yena kenaci ñāṇena chindituṃ asakkuṇeyyaṃ aññāṇaselaṃ vajirūpamañāṇena chinditvā cattāropi oghe taritvā tesaṃ paratīre nibbāne ṭhitattā tiṇṇo pāraṅgato. Ārammaṇūpanijjhānalakkhaṇena lakkhaṇūpanijjhāna- lakkhaṇenāti duvidhenapi jhāyī. Mutto so mārabandhanāti so evarūpo khīṇāsavo sabbasmāpi kilesamārabandhanā mutto vippamutto visaṃyuttoti attānameva sandhāya thero vadati.

Athekadivasaṃ thero attano saddhivihārikaṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ akalyāṇamittasaṃsaggena kusītaṃ hīnaviriyaṃ uddhataṃ unnaḷaṃ viharantaṃ disvā iddhiyā tattha gantvā taṃ "mā āvuso evaṃ kari, akalyāṇamitte pahāya kalyāṇamitte sevanto samaṇadhammaṃ karohī"ti ovadi. So therassa vacanaṃ nādiyi. Thero tassa anādiyanena dhammasaṃvegappatto puggalādhiṭṭhānāya kathāya micchāpaṭipattiṃ garahanto sammāpaṭipattiṃ vivekavāsañca pasaṃsanto:-

"uddhato capalo bhikkhu mitte āgamma pāpake

saṃsīdati mahoghasmiṃ ūmiyā paṭikujjito.

Anuddhato acapalo nipako saṃvutindriyo

kalyāṇamitto medhāvī dukkhassantakaro siyā.

@Footnote: 1 Ma.mū. 12/185/156-7 cetokhīlasutta, aṅ. pañcaka. 22/205/277 (syā)

@2 abhi.vibhaṅga. 35/226/161, saṃ.ni. 16/2/4 vibhaṅgasutta

Kālapabbaṅgasaṅkāso kīso dhamanisanthato 1-

mattaññū annapānasmiṃ adīnamanaso naro.

Phuṭṭho ḍaṃsehi makasehi araññasmiṃ brahāvane

nāgo saṅgāmasīseva sato tatrādhivāsaye.

[685-6] Nābhinandāmi maraṇaṃ .pe. Sampajāno patissato.

Pariciṇṇo mayā satthā .pe. Bhavanetti samūhatā.

Yassa catthāya pabbajito agārasmānagāriyaṃ

so me attho anuppatto kiṃ me saddhivihārinā"ti imā gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha uddhatoti uddhaccayutto asamāhito vikkhittacitto. Capaloti pattacīvara- maṇḍanādinā cāpalyena samannāgato lolapakatiko. Mitte āgamma pāpaketi akalyāṇa- mitte nissāya samaṇadhammaṃ akaronto. Saṃsīdati mahoghasmiṃ, ūmiyā paṭikujjitoti yathā mahāsamudde patitapuriso samuddavīcīhi otthaṭo sīsaṃ ukkhipituṃ alabhanto tattheva saṃsīdati, evaṃ saṃsāramahoghasmiṃ paribbhamanto kodhupāyāsaūmiyā paṭikujjito otthaṭo vipassanāvasena paññāsīsaṃ ukkhipituṃ alabhanto tattheva saṃsīdati.

Nipakoti nipuṇo attatthaparatthesu kusalo. Saṃvutindriyoti manacchaṭṭhānaṃ in driyānaṃ saṃvaraṇena pihitindriyo. Kalyāṇamittoti kalyāṇehi mittehi samannāga to. Medhāvīti dhammojapaññāya samaṅgībhūto. Dukkhassantakaro siyāti so tādiso sakalassāpi vaṭṭadukkhassa antakaro bhaveyya.

Kālapabbaṅgasaṅkāsotiādi vivekābhiratikittanaṃ. Nābhinandāmītiādi pana katakicca- bhāvadassanaṃ. Taṃ sabbaṃ heṭṭhā 2- vuttatthameva. Osāne pana kiṃ me saddhivihārināti

@Footnote: 1 pāli. dhamanisaṇṭhito

@2 thera.A. 2/377/308 saṅkiccattheragāthā. (thera.ṭṭha. 2/217 cha.Ma.) Attano saddhivihārikaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Tasmā edisena dubbacena anādarena saddhivihārinā kiṃ me payojanaṃ, ekavihāroyeva mayhaṃ ruccatīti attho.

Evaṃ pana vatvā chaddantadahameva gato. Tattha dvādasa vassāni vasitvā upakaṭṭhe parinibbāne satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā parinibbānaṃ anujānāpetvā tattheva gantvā parinibbāyi.

Aññākoṇḍaññattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.