๓. อานันทเถรคาถา

397. 3. Ānandattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

pisuṇena ca kodhanenātiādikā āyasmato ānandattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti?

@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. sāriputtamevetaṃ 2 Ma.upari. 14/93-7/77-81 anupadasutta

@3 dī.pāṭi. 11/141 ādi/85 sampasādanīyasutta

Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle haṃsavatīnagare satthu vemātikabhātā hutvā nibbatti, sumanotissa nāmaṃ ahosi. Pitā panassa ānandarājā nāma. So attano puttassa sumanakumārassa vayappattassa haṃsavatito vīsayojanasate ṭhāne bhoganagaraṃ adāsi. So kadāci kadāci āgantvā satthārañca pitarañca passati. Tadā rājā satthārañca satasahassaparimāṇaṃ bhikkhusaṃghañca sayameva sakkaccaṃ upaṭṭhahi, aññesaṃ upaṭṭhātuṃ na deti.

Tena samayena paccanto kupito ahosi. Kumāro tassa kupitabhāvaṃ rañño anārocetvā sayameva taṃ vūpasameti. Taṃ sutvā rājā tuṭṭhamānaso puttaṃ pakkosāpetvā "varaṃ te tāta dammi, varaṃ gaṇhāhī"ti āha. Kumāro "satthāraṃ bhikkhusaṃghañca temāsaṃ upaṭṭhahanto jīvitaṃ avañjhaṃ kātuṃ icchāmī"ti āha. Etaṃ na sakkā, aññaṃ vadehīti. Deva khattiyānaṃ dvekathā nāma natthi, etadeva me dehi, na mayhaṃ aññena atthoti. Sace satthā anujānāti, dinnamevāti. So "satthu cittaṃ jānissāmī"ti vihāraṃ gato. Tena ca samayena bhagavā bhattakiccaṃ niṭṭhāpetvā gandhakuṭiṃ paviṭṭho hoti, so bhikkhū upasaṅkamitvā "ahaṃ bhante bhagavantaṃ dassanāya āgato, dassetha me bhagavantan"ti āha. Bhikkhū "sumano nāma thero satthu upaṭṭhāko, tassa santikaṃ gacchāhī"ti āhaṃsu. So therassa santikaṃ gantvā vanditvā "satthāraṃ bhante me dassethā"ti āha. Atha thero tassa passantasseva paṭhaviyaṃ nimujjitvā satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā "bhante rājaputto tumhākaṃ dassanāya āgato "ti āha. Tenahi bhikkhu bahi āsanaṃ paññāpehīti. Thero punapi tassa passantasseva buddhāsanaṃ gahetvā antogandhakuṭiyaṃ nimujjitvā bahipariveṇe pātubhavitvā gandhakuṭipariveṇe āsanaṃ paññāpesi. Kumāro taṃ disvā "mahanto vatāyaṃ bhikkhū"ti cittaṃ uppādesi.

Bhagavāpi gandhakuṭito nikkhamitvā paññattāsane nisīdi. Rājaputto satthāraṃ vanditvā paṭisanthāraṃ katavā ayaṃ bhante thero tumhākaṃ sāsane vallabho maññeti. Āma kumāra vallabhoti. Kiṃ katvā bhante esa vallabho hotīti. Dānādīni puññāni katvāti. "bhagavā ahampi ayaṃ thero viya anāgate buddhasāsane vallabho hotukāmo"ti sattāhaṃ khandhāvārabhattaṃ nāma datvāpi sattame divase bhante mayā pitu santikā temāsaṃ tumhākaṃ paṭijagganavaro laddho, temāsaṃ me vassāvāsaṃ adhivāsethāti. Bhagavā "atthi nu kho tattha gatena attho"ti oloketvā "atthī"ti disvā "suññāgāre kho kumāra tathāgatā abhiramantī"ti āha. Kumāro "aññātaṃ bhagavā, aññātaṃ sugatā"ti vatvā "ahaṃ bhante purimataraṃ gantvā vihāraṃ kāremi, mayā pesite bhikkhusatasahassena saddhiṃ āgacchathā"ti paṭiññaṃ gahetvā pitu santikaṃ gantvā "dinnā me deva bhagavatā paṭiññā, mayā pahite bhagavantaṃ peseyyāthā"ti pitaraṃ vanditvā nikkhamitvā yojane yojane vihāraṃ karonto vīsayojanasataṃ addhānaṃ gato. Gantvā ca attano nagare vihāraṭṭhānaṃ vicinanto sobhanassa nāma kuṭumbikassa uyyānaṃ disvā satasahassena kiṇitvā satasahassaṃ vissajjetvā vihāraṃ kāresi. Tattha bhagavato gandhakuṭiṃ sesabhikkhūnañca rattiṭṭhānadivāṭṭhānatthāya kuṭileṇamaṇḍape kāretvā pākāraparikkhepaṃ dvārakoṭṭhakañca niṭṭhāpetvā pitu santikaṃ pesesi "niṭṭhitaṃ mayhaṃ kiccaṃ, satthāraṃ pahiṇathā"ti.

Rājā bhagavantaṃ bhojetvā "bhagavā sumanassa kiccaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ, tumhākaṃ gamanaṃ paccāsiṃsatī"ti āha. Bhagavā satasahassabhikkhuparivuto yojane yojane vihāresu vasamāno agamāsi. Kumāro "satthā āgacchatī"ti sutvā yojanaṃ paccuggantvā gandhamālādīhi pūjayamāno 1- satasahassena kīte sobhane nāma uyyāne satasahassena kāritaṃ vihāraṃ pavesetvā:-

"satasahassena me kītaṃ satasahassena māpitaṃ

sobhanaṃ nāma uyyānaṃ paṭiggaṇha mahāmunī"ti

@Footnote: 1 Sī. pūjayamāno bhagavantaṃ ānetvā Taṃ niyyādesi. So vassūpanāyikadivase mahādānaṃ pavattetvā "imināva nīhārena dānaṃ dadeyyāthā"ti puttadāre amacce ca kiccakaraṇīyesu ca niyojetvā sayaṃ sumanattherassa vasanaṭṭhānasamīpeyeva vasanto temāsaṃ satthāraṃ upaṭṭhahanto upakaṭṭhāya pavāraṇāya gāmaṃ pavisitvā sattāhaṃ mahādānaṃ pavattetvā sattame divase satthu bhikkhusatasahassassa ca pādamūle ticīvarāni ṭhapetvā vanditvā "bhante yadetaṃ mayā sattāhaṃ khandhāvāradānato paṭṭhāya 1- puññaṃ kataṃ, na taṃ saggasampattiādinaṃ atthāya, athakho ahaṃ ayaṃ sumanatthero viya anāgate ekassa buddhassa upaṭṭhāko bhaveyyan"ti paṇidhānaṃ akāsi. Satthāpissa anantarāyataṃ disvā byākaritvā pakkāmi.

Sopi tasmiṃ buddhuppāde vassasatasahassaṃ puññāni katvā tato parampi tattha tattha bhave uḷārāni puññakammāni upacinitvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto kassapassa bhagavato kāle piṇḍāya carato ekassa therassa pattaggahaṇatthaṃ uttarasāṭakaṃ datvā pūjaṃ akāsi. Puna sagge nibbattitvā tato cuto bārāṇasirājā hutvā aṭṭha paccekabuddhe disvā te bhojetvā attano maṅgaluyyāne aṭṭha paṇṇasālāyo kāretvā tesaṃ nisīdanatthāya aṭṭha sabbaratanamayapīṭhe ceva maṇiādhārake ca paṭiyādetvā dasavassasahassāni upaṭṭhānaṃ akāsi. Etāni pākaṭaṭṭhānāni.

Kappasatasahassaṃ pana tattha tattha bhave puññāni karontova amhākaṃ bodhisattena saddhiṃ tusitapure nibbattitvā tato cuto amitodanasakkassa gehe nibbatti, tassa sabbe ñātake ānandite karonto jātoti ānandotveva nāmaṃ ahosi. So anukkamena vayappatto katābhinikkhamane sammāsambodhiṃ patvā pavattitavaradhammacakke paṭhamaṃ kapilavatthuṃ gantvā tato nikkhante bhagavati tassa parivāratthaṃ pabbajituṃ nikkhantehi bhaddiyādīhi saddhiṃ nikkhamitvā bhagavato santike pabbajitvā na cirasseva āyasmato puṇṇassa mantāniputtassa santike dhammakathaṃ sutvā sotāpattiphale patiṭṭhahi.

@Footnote: 1 Sī. yadetaṃ mahādānato paṭṭhāya

Tena ca samayena bhagavato paṭhamabodhiyaṃ vīsativassāni anibaddhaupaṭṭhākā ahesuṃ. Ekadā nāgasamālo pattacīvaraṃ gahetvā vicari, ekadā nāgito, ekadā upavāno, ekadā sunakkhatto, ekadā cundo samaṇuddeso, ekadā sāgato, ekadā meghiyo, te yebhuyyena satthu cittaṃ nārādhayiṃsu. Athekadivasaṃ bhagavā gandhakuṭipariveṇe paññattavarabuddhāsane bhikkhusaṃghaparivuto nisinno bhikkhū āmantesi "ahaṃ bhikkhave idānimhi mahallako, ekacce bhikkhū `iminā maggena gacchāmā'ti vutte aññena gacchanti, ekacce mayhaṃ pattacīvaraṃ bhūmiyaṃ nikkhipanti, mayhaṃ nibaddhupaṭṭhākaṃ bhikkhuṃ jānāthā"ti. Taṃ sutvā bhikkhūnaṃ dhammasaṃvego udapādi. Athāyasmā sāriputto uṭṭhāya bhagavantaṃ vanditvā "ahaṃ bhante tumhe upaṭṭhahissāmī"ti āha. Taṃ bhagavā paṭikkhipi. Etenupāyena mahāmoggallānaṃ ādiṃ katvā sabbe mahāsāvakā "ahaṃ upaṭṭhahissāmi, ahaṃ upaṭṭhahissāmī"ti uṭṭhahiṃsu ṭhapetvā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ, tepi bhagavā paṭikkhipi. So pana tuṇhīyeva nisīdi. Atha naṃ bhikkhū āhaṃsu "āvuso tvampi satthu upaṭṭhākaṭṭhānaṃ yācāhī"ti. Yācitvā laddhaṭṭhānaṃ nāma kīdisaṃ hoti, sace ruccati, satthā sayameva vakkhatīti. Atha bhagavā "na bhikkhave ānando aññehi ussāhetabbo, sayameva jānitvā maṃ upaṭṭhahissatī"ti āha. Tato bhikkhū "uṭṭhehi āvuso ānanda, satthāraṃ upaṭṭhākaṭṭhānaṃ yācāhī"ti āhaṃsu.

Thero uṭṭhahitvā "sace me bhante bhagavā attanā laddhaṃ paṇītacīvaraṃ na dassati, paṇītapiṇḍapātaṃ na dassati, ekagandhakuṭiyaṃ vasituṃ na dassati, nimantanaṃ gahetvā na gamissati, evāhaṃ bhagavantaṃ upaṭṭhahissāmī"ti āha. "ettake 1- guṇe labhato satthu upaṭṭhāne ko bhāro"ti upavādamocanatthaṃ ime cattāro paṭikkhepā ca "sace bhante bhagavā mayā gahitanimantanaṃ gamissati, sacāhaṃ desantarato āgatāgate tāvadeva dassetuṃ lacchāmi. Yadā me kaṅkhā uppajjati, tāvadeva bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamituṃ

@Footnote: 1 Sī.,Ma. upaṭṭhahissāmīti ettakameva Lacchāmi, sace bhagavā parammukhā desitaṃ dhammaṃ puna mayhaṃ kathessati, evāhaṃ bhagavantaṃ upaṭṭhahissāmī"ti "ettakampi satthu santike anuggahaṃ na labhatī"ti upavādamocanatthañceva dhammabhaṇḍāgārikabhāvapāramīpūraṇatthañca imā catasso āyācanā cāti aṭṭha vāre gahetvā nibaddhupaṭṭhāko ahosi. Tasseva ṭhānantarassa atthāya kappasatasahassaṃ pūritānaṃ pāramīnaṃ phalaṃ pāpuṇi, so upaṭṭhākaṭṭhānaṃ laddhadivasato paṭṭhāya dasabalaṃ duvidhena udakena, tividhena dantakaṭṭhena, hatthapādaparikammena piṭṭhiparikammena, gandhakuṭi- pariveṇasammajjanenāti evamādīhi kiccehi upaṭṭhahanto "imāya nāma velāya satthu idaṃ nāma laddhuṃ vaṭṭati, idaṃ nāma kātuṃ vaṭṭatī"ti divasabhāgaṃ santikāvacaro hutvā rattibhāge mahantaṃ daṇḍadīpikaṃ gahetvā gandhakuṭipariveṇaṃ nava vāre anupariyāyati satthari pakkosante paṭivacanadānāya thīnamiddhavinodanatthaṃ.

Atha naṃ satthā jetavane ariyagaṇamajjhe nisinno anekapariyāyena pasaṃsitvā bahussutānaṃ satimantānaṃ gatimantānaṃ dhitimantānaṃ upaṭṭhākānañca bhikkhūnaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi. Evaṃ satthārā pañcasu ṭhānesu etadagge ṭhapito catūhi acchariyabbhuta- dhammehi samannāgato satthu dhammakosārakkho ayaṃ mahāthero sekhova samāno satthari parinibbute heṭṭhā vuttanayena bhikkhūhi samuttejito devatāya ca saṃvejito "sveyeva ca dāni dhammasaṅgīti kātabbā, na kho pana metaṃ paṭirūpaṃ, yvāyaṃ sekho sakaraṇīyo hutvā asekhehi therehi saddhiṃ dhammaṃ saṅgāyituṃ sannipātaṃ gantun"ti sañjātussāho vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā bahudevarattiṃ vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto caṅkame viriyasamataṃ alabhitvā vihāraṃ pavisitvā sayane nisīditvā sayitukāmo kāyaṃ āvaṭṭesi. 1- Appattañca sīsaṃ bimbohanaṃ pādā ca bhūmito muttamattā, etasmiṃ antare anupādāya āsavehi cittaṃ vimucci, chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne 2-:-

"ārāmadvārā nikkhamma padumuttaro mahāmuni

vassento amataṃ vuṭṭhiṃ nibbāpesi mahājanaṃ.

@Footnote: 1 Ma. āvañchesi 2 khu.apa. 32/644ādi/75

Satasahassā 1- te dhīrā chaḷabhiññā mahiddhikā

parivārenti sambuddhaṃ chāyāva anupāyinī. 2-

Hatthikkhandhagato āsiṃ setacchattaṃ varuttamaṃ

sucārurūpaṃ disvāna pīti 3- me udapajjatha.

Oruyha hatthikhandhamhā upagacchiṃ narāsabhaṃ

ratanāmayachattaṃ me buddhaseṭṭhassa dhārayiṃ.

Mama saṅkappamaññāya padumuttaro mahāisi

taṃ kathaṃ ṭhapayitvāna imā gāthā abhāsatha.

Yo so chattamadhāresi soṇṇālaṅkārabhūsitaṃ

tamahaṃ kittayissāmi suṇātha mama bhāsato.

Ito gantvā ayaṃ poso tusitaṃ āvasissati

anubhossati sampattiṃ accharāhi purakkhato.

Catutiṃsatikkhattuṃ ca devarajjaṃ karissati

narādhipo 4- aṭṭhasataṃ vasudhaṃ āvasissati.

Aṭṭhapaññāsakkhattuṃ ca cakkavattī bhavissati

padesarajjaṃ vipulaṃ mahiyā kārayissati.

Kappasatasahassamhi okkākakulasambhavo

gotamo nāma gottena satthā loke bhavissati.

Sakyānaṃ kulaketussa ñātibandhu bhavissati

ānando nāma nāmena upaṭṭhāko mahesino.

Ātāpī nipako cāpi bāhusaccesu kovido

nivātavutti atthaddho sabbapāṭhī bhavissati.

Padhānapahitatto so upasanto nirūpadhi

sabbāsave pariññāya nibbāyissatyanāsavo.

@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. satasahassaṃ 2 cha.Ma. anapāyinī 3 cha.Ma. vatti

@4 cha.Ma. balādhipo

Santi āraññakā nāgā kuñjarā saṭṭhihāyanā

tidhappabhinnā mātaṅgā īsādantā uruḷhavā.

Anekasatasahassā paṇḍitāpi mahiddhikā

sabbe te buddhanāgassa na hontu paṇidhimhi te.

Ādiyā me namassāmi majjhime atha pacchime

pasannacitto sumano buddhaseṭṭhaṃ upaṭṭhahiṃ.

Ātāpī nipako cāpi sampajāno paṭissato

sotāpattiphalaṃ patto sekhabhūmīsu kovido.

Satasahassito kappe yaṃ kammamabhinīhariṃ

tāhaṃ bhūmimanuppatto ṭhitā saddhammamācalā.

Svāgataṃ vata me āsi .pe. kataṃ buddhassa sāsanan"ti.

Chaḷabhiñño pana hutvā saṅgītimaṇḍapaṃ pavi sitvā dhammaṃ saṅgāyanto tattha tattha bhikkhūnaṃ ovādadānavasena attano paṭipattidīpanādivasena ca bhāsitagāthā ekajjhaṃ katvā anukkamena khuddakanikāyasaṅgāyanakāle theragāthāsu saṅgītiṃ āropento:-

"pisuṇena ca kodhanena ca

maccharinā ca vibhūtinandinā 1-

sakhitaṃ na kareyya paṇḍito

pāpo kāpurisena saṅgamo.

Saddhena ca pesalena ca

paññavatā bahussutena ca

sakhitaṃ hi kareyya paṇḍito

bhaddo sappurisena saṅgamo.

@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. vibhūtanandinā

Passa cittakataṃ bimbaṃ arukāyaṃ samussitaṃ

āturaṃ bahusaṅkappaṃ yassa natthi dhuvaṃ ṭhiti.

Passa cittakataṃ rūpaṃ maṇinā kuṇḍalena ca

aṭṭhitacena onaddhaṃ saha vatthehi sobhati.

Alattakakatā pādā mukhaṃ cuṇṇakamakkhitaṃ

alaṃ bālassa mohāya no ca pāragavesino.

Aṭṭhapadakatā kesā nettā añjanamakkhitā

alaṃ bālassa mohāya no ca pāragavesino.

Añjanīva navā cittā pūtikāyo alaṅkato

alaṃ bālassa mohāya no ca pāragavesino.

Odahi migavo pāsaṃ nāsadā vāguraṃ migo

bhutvā nivāpaṃ gacchāma kandante migabandhake.

Chinno pāso migavassa nāsadā vāguraṃ migo

bhutvā nivāpaṃ gacchāma socante migaluddake.

Bahussuto cittakathī buddhassa paricārako

pannabhāro visaññutto seyyaṃ kappeti gotamo.

Khīṇāsavo visaññutto saṅgātīto sunibbuto

dhāreti antimaṃ dehaṃ jātimaraṇapāragū.

Yasmiṃ patiṭṭhitā dhammā buddhassādiccabandhuno

nibbānagamane magge soyaṃ tiṭṭhati gotamo.

Dvāsīti buddhato gaṇhiṃ 1- dve sahassāni bhikkhuto

caturāsītisahassāni ye me dhammā pavattino.

Appassutāyaṃ puriso balibaddova jīrati

maṃsāni tassa vaḍḍhanti paññā tassa na vaḍḍhati.

@Footnote: 1 pāli. gaṇhi

Bahussuto appassutaṃ yo sutenātimaññati

andho padīpadhārova tatheva paṭibhāti maṃ.

Bahussutaṃ upāseyya sutañca na vināsaye

taṃ mūlaṃ brahmacariyassa tasmā dhammadharo siyā.

Pubbāparaññū atthaññū niruttipadakovido

suggahītañca gaṇhāti atthañcopaparikkhati.

Khantyā chandikato hoti ussahitvā tuleti taṃ

samaye so padahati ajjhattaṃ susamāhito.

Bahussutaṃ dhammadharaṃ sappaññaṃ buddhasāvakaṃ

dhammaviññāṇamākaṅkhaṃ taṃ bhajetha tathāvidhaṃ.

Bahussuto dhammadharo kosārakkho mahesino

cakkhu sabbassa lokassa pūjaneyyo 1- bahussuto.

Dhammārāmo dhammarato dhammaṃ anuvicintayaṃ

dhammaṃ anussaraṃ bhikkhu saddhammā na parihāyati.

Kāyamaccheragaruno hiyyamāne anuṭṭhahe

sarīrasukhagiddhassa kuto samaṇaphāsutā.

Na pakkhanti disā sabbā dhammā na paṭibhanti maṃ

gate kalyāṇamittamhi andhakāraṃva khāyati.

Abbhatītasahāyassa atītagatasatthuno

natthi etādisaṃ mittaṃ yathā kāyagatā sati.

Ye purāṇā atītā te navehi na sameti me

svajja ekova jhāyāmi vassupetova pakkhimā.

Dassanāya atikkante 2- nānāverajjake bahū

mā vārayittha sotāro passantu samayo mamaṃ.

@Footnote: 1 cha. Ma. pūjanīyo 2 cha.Ma. abhikkante

Dassanāya atikkante nānāverajjake puthu

karoti satthā okāsaṃ na nivāreti cakkhumā.

Paṇṇavīsati vassāni sekhabhūtassa 1- me sato

na kāmasaññā uppajji passa dhammasudhammataṃ.

Paṇṇavīsati vassāni sekhabhūtassa 1- me sato

na dosasaññā uppajji passa dhammasudhammataṃ.

Paṇṇavīsati vassāni bhagavantaṃ upaṭṭhahiṃ

mettena kāyakammena chāyāva anupāyinī.

Paṇṇavīsati vassāni bhagavantaṃ upaṭṭhahiṃ

mettena vacīkammena chāyāva anupāyinī.

Paṇṇavīsati vassāni bhagavantaṃ upaṭṭhahiṃ

mettena manokammena chāyāva anupāyinī.

Buddhassa caṅkamantassa piṭṭhito anucaṅkamiṃ

dhamme desiyamānamhi ñāṇaṃ me udapajjatha.

Ahaṃ sakaraṇīyomhi sekho appattamānaso

satthu ca parinibbānaṃ yo amhaṃ anukampako.

Tadāsi yaṃ bhiṃsanakaṃ tadāsi lomahaṃsanaṃ

sabbakāravarūpete sambuddhe parinibbute.

Bahussuto dhammadharo kosārakkho mahesino

cakkhu sabbassa lokassa ānando parinibbuto.

Bahussuto dhammadharo kosārakkho mahesino

cakkhu sabbassa lokassa andhakāre tamonudo.

Gatimanto satimanto dhitimanto ca yo isi

saddhammadhārako thero ānando ratanākaro.

@Footnote: 1 ka. sobhūtassa

Pariciṇṇo mayā satthā kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ

ohito garuko bhāro natthi dāni punabbhavo"ti imā gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha pisuṇena cāti ādito dve gāthā chabbaggiye bhikkhū devadattapakkhiyehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ saṃsaggaṃ karonte disvā tesaṃ ovādadānavasena vuttā. Tattha pīsuṇenāti pisuṇāya vācāya. Tāya hi yutto puggalo "pisuṇo"ti vutto yathā nīlaguṇayutto paṭo nīloti. Kodhanenāti kujjhanasīlena. Attasampattinigūhaṇalakkhaṇassa maccherassa sambhavato maccharinā. Vibhūtinandināti sattānaṃ vibhūtaṃ vibhavanaṃ vināsaṃ icchantena, vibhūtaṃ vā visuṃ bhāvo bhedo, taṃ nandanena, sabbametaṃ devadattapakkhiyeva sandhāya vuttaṃ. Te hi pañcavatthudīpanāya bahū jane sammāpaṭipanne bhindantā satthari bahiddhatāya 1- thaddhamacchariyādimacchariyapakatāmahājanassa mahato anatthāya paṭipajjiṃsu. Sakhitanti sahāyabhāvaṃ saṃsaggaṃ na kareyya, kiṃkāraṇā? pāpo kāpurisena saṅgamo Kāpurisena pāpapuggalena samāgamo nihīno lāmako. Ye hissa diṭṭhānugatiṃ āpajjanti. Tesaṃ ducintitādibhedaṃ bālalakkhaṇameva āvahati, pageva vacanakarassa. Tenāha bhagavā "yāni kānici bhikkhave bhayāni uppajjanti, sabbāni tānibālato uppajjanti, no paṇḍitato"tiādi. 2-

Yena pana saṃsaggo kātabbo, taṃ dassetuṃ "saddhena cā"tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha saddhenāti kammakammaphalasaddhāya ceva ratanattayasaddhāya ca samannāgatena. Pesalenāti piyasīlena sīlasampannena. Paññavatāti udayatthagāminiyā 3- nibbedhikāya paññāya vasena paññāsampannena. Bahussutenāti pariyattipaṭivedhabāhusaccānaṃ pāripūriyā bahussutena. Bhaddoti tena tādisena sādhunā saṅgamo bhaddo sundaro kalyāṇo diṭṭhadhammikādi- bhedaṃ atthaṃ āvahatīti adhippāyo.

@Footnote: 1 Sī. avahitthatāya 2 aṅ.tika. 20/1/96 bhayasutta 3 Sī. udayabbayagāminiyā

Passa cittakatantiādikā satta gāthā attano rūpasampattiṃ disvā kāmasaññaṃ uppādentiyā uttarāya nāma upāsikāya kāyavicchandajananatthaṃ bhāsitā. "ambapāliṃ gaṇikaṃ disvā vikkhittacittānaṃ ovādadānatthan"tipi vadanti. Tā heṭṭhā vuttatthāeva.

Bahussuto cittakathītiādikā dve. Gāthā therena arahattaṃ patvā udānavasena bhāsitā. Tattha paricārakoti upaṭṭhāko. Seyyaṃ kappetīti arahattappattisamanantaraṃ sayitattā vuttaṃ. Thero hi bahudeva rattiṃ caṅkamena vītināmetvā sarīraṃ utuṃ gāhāpetuṃ ovarakaṃ 1- pavisitvā sayituṃ mañcake nisinno pādā ca bhūmito muttā, appattañca sīsaṃ bimbohanaṃ, etthantare 2- arahattaṃ patvā sayi.

Khīṇāsavoti parikkhīṇacaturāsavo, tato eva catūhipi yogehi visaṃyutto, rāgasaṅgādīnaṃ atikkantattā saṅgātīto, sabbaso kilesapariḷāhassa vūpasantattā sunibbuto sītibhūtoti attho.

Yasmiṃ patiṭṭhitā dhammāti theraṃ uddissa khīṇāsavamahābrahmunā bhāsitā gāthā. Upaṭṭhitāya hi dhammasaṅgītiyā theraṃ uddissa yehi bhikkhūhi "eko bhikkhu vissagandhaṃ vāyatī"ti vuttaṃ. Atha thero adhigate arahatte sattapaṇṇiguhādvāraṃ saṃghassa sāmaggī dānatthaṃ āgato, tassa khīṇāsavabhāvappakāsanena suddhāvāsamahābrahmā te bhikkhū lajjāpento "yasmiṃ patiṭṭhitā dhammā"ti gāthamāha. Tassattho:- buddhassa bhagavato dhammā teneva adhigatā paveditā ca paṭivedhapariyattidhammā yasmiṃ purisavisese patiṭṭhitā, soyaṃ gottato gotamo dhammabhaṇḍāgāriko saupādisesanibbānassa adhigatattā idāni anupādisesanibbānagamane magge patiṭṭhahi, tassa ekaṃsabhāgīti.

Athekadivasaṃ gopakamoggallāno nāma brāhmaṇo theraṃ pucchi "tvaṃ bahussutoti buddhassa sāsane pākaṭo, kittakā dhammā te satthārā bhāsitā, tayā dhāritā"ti,

@Footnote: 1 Sī. ovaraṇaṃ 2 Sī. na etthantare Tassa thero paṭivacanaṃ dento "dvāsītī"ti gāthamāha. Tattha dvāsīti sahassānīti yojanā, buddhato gaṇhinti sammāsambuddhato uggaṇhiṃ dvisahassādhikāni asītidhammakkhandha- sahassāni satthu santikā adhigaṇhinti attho. Dve sahassāni bhikkhutoti dve dhammakkhandhasahassāni bhikkhuto gaṇhiṃ, dhammasenāpatiādīnaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ santikā adhigacchiṃ. Caturāsītisahassānīti tadubhayaṃ samodhānetvā catusahassādhikāni asītisahassāni. Ye me dhammā pavattinoti ye yathāvuttaparimāṇā dhammakkhandhā mayhaṃ paguṇā vācuggatā jivhagge parivattantīti.

Athekadā thero sāsane pabbajitvā vipassanādhurepi ganthadhurepi ananuyuttaṃ ekaṃ puggalaṃ disvā bāhusaccābhāve ādīnavaṃ pakāsento "appassutāyan"ti gāthamāha. Tattha appassutāyanti ekassa dvinnaṃ vā paṇṇāsānaṃ, athavā pana vaggānaṃ antamaso ekassa dvinnaṃ vā suttantānampi uggahitānaṃ abhāvena appassuto ayaṃ, kammaṭṭhānaṃ pana uggahetvā 1- anuyuñjanto bahussutova. Balibaddova jīratīti yathā balibaddo 2- jīramāno vaḍḍhamāno neva mātu na pitu, na sesañātakānaṃ atthāya vaḍḍhati, athakho niratthakameva jīrati, evamevaṃ ayampi na upajjhāyavattaṃ karoti, na ācariyavattaṃ, na āgantukavattādīni, na bhāvanaṃ anuyuñjati, niratthakameva jīrati. Maṃsāni tassa vaḍḍhantīti yathā balibaddassa "kasanabhāravahanādīsu asamattho eso"ti araññe vissaṭṭhassa yathā tathā vicarantassa khādantassa pivantassa maṃsāni tassa vaḍḍhanti, evamevaṃ imassāpi upajjhāyādīhi vissaṭṭhassa saṃghaṃ nissāya cattāro paccaye labhitvā uddhaṃvirecanādīni katvā kāyaṃ posentassa maṃsāni vaḍḍhanti thūlasarīro hutvā vicarati. Paññāti lokiyalokuttarā panassa paññā ekaṅgulimattāpi na vaḍḍhati, araññe gacchalatādīni viya assa chadvārāni 3- nissāya taṇhā ceva navavidhamāno ca vaḍḍhatīti adhippāyo.

@Footnote: 1 Sī. gahetvā 2 Ma. balibaddho 3 Sī. chadvārāni pana

Bahussutoti gāthā attano bāhusaccaṃ nissāya aññaṃ atimaññantaṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ uddissa vuttā. Tattha sutenāti sutahetu attano bāhusaccanimittaṃ. Atimaññatīti atikkamitvā maññati attānaṃ ukkaṃsento paraṃ paribhavati. Tathevāti yathā andho andhakāre telapajjotaṃ dhārento ālokadānena paresaṃyeva atthāvaho, na attano, tatheva pariyattibāhusaccena sutavā puggalo sutena anupapanno attano atthaṃ aparipūrento andho ñāṇālokadānena paresaṃyeva atthāvaho, na attano, dīpadhāro andho viya mayhaṃ upaṭṭhātīti.

Idāni bāhusacce ānisaṃsaṃ dassento "bahussutan"ti gāthamāha. Tattha upāseyyāti payirupāseyya. Sutañca na vināsayeti bahussutaṃ payirupāsitvā laddhaṃ sutañca na vināseyya na susseyya dhāraṇaparicayaparipucchāmanasikārehi vaḍḍheyya. Taṃ mūlaṃ brahmacariyassāti yasmā bahussutaṃ payirūpāsitvā laddhaṃ taṃ sutaṃ pariyattibāhusaccaṃ maggabrahmacariyassa mūlaṃ padhānakāraṇaṃ. Tasmā dhammadharo siyā vimuttāyatanasīse ṭhatvā yathāsutassa dhammassa dhāraṇe 1- paṭhamaṃ pariyattidhammadharo bhaveyya.

Idāni pariyattibāhusaccena sādhetabbamatthaṃ dassetuṃ "pubbāparaññū"tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha pubbañca aparañca jānātīti pubbāparaññū. Ekissā hi gāthāya pubbabhāge apaññāyamānepi pubbabhāge vā paññāyamāne aparabhāge apaññāya- mānepi "imassa aparabhāgassa iminā pubbabhāgena imassa vā pubbabhāgassa iminā aparabhāgena bhavitabban"ti jānanto pubbāparaññū nāma. Attatthādibhedaṃ tassa tassa bhāsitassa atthaṃ jānātīti atthaññū. Niruttipadakovidoti niruttiyaṃ sesapadesupi cāti catūsupi paṭisambhidāsu cheko. Suggahītañca gaṇhātīti teneva kovida- bhāvena atthato byañjanato ca dhammaṃ sugahitameva katvā gaṇhāti. Atthañcopaparikkhatīti yathāsutassa yathāpariyattassa dhammassa atthaṃ upaparikkhati "iti sīlaṃ, iti samādhi, iti paññā, ime rūpārūpadhammā"ti manasā anupekkhati.

@Footnote: 1 Sī. karaṇena, Ma. kāraṇe

Khantyā chandikato hotīti tesu manasā anupekkhitesu dhammesu diṭṭhinijjhānak- khantiyā nijjhānaṃ khamāpetvā rūpapariggahādimukhena vipassanābhinivese chandikato chandajāto hoti. Tathābhūto ca vipassanāya kammaṃ 1- karonto ussahitvā tuleti taṃtaṃpaccayanāmarūpadassanavasena ussāhaṃ katvā tato paraṃ tilakkhaṇaṃ āropetvā tuleti "aniccan"tipi "dukkhan"tipi "anattā"tipi taṃ nāmarūpaṃ tīreti vipassati. Samaye so padahati, ajjhattaṃ susamāhitoti so evaṃ passanto paggahetabbādisamaye cittassa paggaṇhanādinā padahati, padahanto ca ajjhattaṃ gocarajjhatte vipassanāsamādhinā maggasamādhinā ca suṭṭhu samāhito bhaveyya, asamādhānahetubhūte kilese pajaheyya. Svāyaṃ guṇo sabbopi yasmā bahussutaṃ dhammadharaṃ sappaññaṃ buddhasāvakaṃ payirupāsantassa hoti, tasmā asaṅkhataṃ dhammaṃ ārabbha dukkhādīsu pariññādivisiṭṭhakiccatāya dhammaviññāṇasaṅkhātaṃ dhammañāṇaṃ ākaṅkhanto tathāvidhaṃ vuttappakāraṃ kalyāṇamittaṃ bhajetha seveyya payirupāseyyāti attho.

Evaṃ bahupakāratāya tassa pūjanīyataṃ dassento "bahussuto"ti gāthamāha. Tassattho:- suttageyyādi bahu sutaṃ etassāti bahussuto, tameva desanādhammaṃ suvaṇṇabhājane pakkhittasīhavasā viya avinassantaṃ dhāretīti dhammadharo, tato eva mahesino bhagavato dhammakosaṃ dhammaratanaṃ ārakkhatīti kosārakkho, yasmā sadevakassa lokassa samadassanena cakkhubhūto, tasmā cakkhu sabbassa lokassa pūjaneyyo mānanīyoti, bahussutabhāvena bahujanassa pūjanīyabhāvadassanatthaṃ nigamanavasena punapi "bahussuto"ti vuttaṃ.

Evarūpaṃ kalyāṇamittaṃ labhitvāpi kārakasseva aparihāni, na akārakassāti. Dassento "dhammārāmo"ti gāthamāha. Tattha nivāsanaṭṭhena samathavipassanādhammo ārāmo, tasmiṃ eva dhamme rato abhiratoti dhammarato, tasseva dhammassa punappunaṃ

@Footnote: 1 Sī. vipassanākammaṃ Vicintanena dhammaṃ anuvicintayaṃ dhammaṃ āvajjento manasi karotīti attho. Anussaranti tameva dhammaṃ anussaranto. Saddhammāti evarūpo bhikkhu sattatiṃsapabhedā bodhipakkhi yadhammā navavidhalokuttaradhammā ca na parihāyati, na kadāci tassa tato parihāni hotīti attho.

Athekadivasaṃ kāye avītarāgaṃ kusītaṃ hīnaviriyaṃ kosallāyātināmaṃ 1- bhikkhuṃ saṃvejento "kāyamaccheragaruno"ti gāthamāha. Tattha kāyamaccheragarunoti kāyadaḷhībahulassa kāye mamattassa ācariyupajjhāyānampi kāyena kattabbaṃ kiñci akatvā vicarantassa. Hiyyamāneti attano kāye jīvite ca khaṇe khaṇe parihiyyamāne. Anuṭṭhaheti sīlādīnaṃ paripūraṇavasena uṭṭhānaviriyaṃ na kareyya. Sarīrasukhagiddhassāti attano sarīrassa sukhāpaneneva gedhaṃ āpannassa. Kuto samaṇaphāsutāti evarūpassa puggalassa sāmaññavasena kuto sukhavihāro, phāsuvihāro na tassa vijjatīti attho.

Na pakkhantītiādikā āyasmato sāriputtassa dhammasenāpatino parinibbutabhāvaṃ sutvā therena bhāvitā. 2- Tattha na pakkhanti disā sabbāti puratthimādibhedā sabbā disā na pakkhayanti, disamūḷhoti attho. Dhammā na paṭibhanti manti pubbe suṭṭhu paguṇāpi pariyattidhammā idāni sakkaccaṃ samannāhariyamānāpi mayhaṃ na upaṭṭhahanti. Gate kalyāṇamittamhīti sadevakassa lokassa kalyāṇamittabhūte dhammasenā- patimhi anupādisesanibbānaṃ gate. Andhakāraṃva khāyatīti sabbopāyaṃ loko andhakāro viya upaṭṭhāti.

Abbhatītasahāyassāti apagatasahāyassa, kalyāṇamittarahitassāti attho. Atītagatasatthunoti āyasmato 3- atīto hutvā nibbānagatasatthukassa, satthari parinibbuteti attho. Yathā kāyagatā satīti kāyagatāsatibhāvanā takkarassa yathā ekantahitāvahā, evaṃ

@Footnote: 1 Sī. kosallayāti 2 cha.Ma. bhāsitā 3 Ma. bhagavato Etādisaṃ anāthassa puggalassa ekantahitāvahaṃ aññaṃ mittaṃ nāma natthi, sanāthassa aññāpi bhāvanā hitāvahā evāti adhippāyo.

Purāṇāti porāṇā, sāriputtādike kalyāṇamitte sandhāyavadati. Navehīti navakehi. Na sameti meti mayhaṃ cittaṃ na samāgacchati, na te mama cittaṃ ārādhentīti attho. Svajja ekova jhāyāmīti sohaṃ ajja vuḍḍhatarehi virahito ekova hutvā jhāyāmi jhānapasuto homi. Vassupetoti vassakāle kulāvakaṃ upeto pakkhī viya. "vāsupeto"tipi pāli, vāsaṃ upagatoti attho.

Dassanāya atikkanteti gāthā satthārā bhāsitā. Tassattho:- mama dassanāya atikkante nānāvidhavidesapavāsikabahujane ānanda mama upasaṅkamanaṃ mā vāresi. Kasmā? 1- te sotāro dhammassa, mamaṃ passantu, ayameva dassanāya samayoti.

Taṃ sutvā thero "dassanāya atikkante"ti aparaṃ gāthamāha. Imāya hi gāthāya sambandhatthaṃ 2- purimagāthā idha nikkhittā. Teneva sacāhaṃ desantarato āgatāgate tāvadeva dassetuṃ lacchāmīti etassa padassa atthasiddhiṃ dasseti.

Paṇṇavīsati vassānīti pañca gāthā attano aggupaṭṭhākabhāvaṃ dīpetuṃ vuttā. Āraddhakammaṭṭhānabhāvena 3- hi satthu upaṭṭhānapasutabhavena ca therassa maggena asamucchinnāpi kāmasaññādayo na uppajjiṃsu, kāyavacīmanokammāni ca sabbakālaṃ satthari mettāpubbaṅgamāni mettānuparivattāni ahesuṃ. Tattha paṇṇavīsati vassānīti pañcavīsati saṃvaccharāni. Sekhabhūtassa me satoti sekhabhūmiyaṃ sotāpattiphale ṭhitassa me sato. Kāmasaññāti kāmasahagatā saññā na uppajji, ettha ca kāmasaññādianuppatti- vacanena 4- attano āsayasuddhiṃ dasseti, "mettena kāyakammenā"tiādinā payogasuddhiṃ. Tattha gandhakuṭiyaṃ paribhaṇḍakaraṇādinā satthu vattapaṭivattakaraṇena ca mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ

@Footnote: 1 Ma. tasmā 2 Ma. sambandhanatthaṃ 3 Ma. āraddhaupaṭṭhānassatibhāvena

@4 Sī. kāmasaññādianuppattivasena Veditabbaṃ, dhammadesanākālārocanādinā mettaṃ vacīkammaṃ, rahogatassa satthāraṃ uddissa hitūpasaṃhāramanasikārena mettaṃ manokammaṃ. Ñāṇaṃ me udapajjathāti attano sekkhabhūmi- pattimāha.

Ahaṃ sakaraṇīyomhīti satthu parinibbāne upaṭṭhite maṇḍalamāḷaṃ pavisitvā kapisīsaṃ ālambitvā sokābhibhūtena vuttagāthā. Tattha sakaraṇīyomhīti dukkhaparijānanādinā karaṇīyena sakaraṇīyo amhi. Appattamānasoti anadhigatārahatto. Satthu ca parinibbānanti mayhaṃ satthu parinibbānañca upaṭṭhitaṃ. Yo amhaṃ anukampakoti yo satthā mayhaṃ anuggāhako.

Tadāsi yaṃ bhiṃsanakanti gāthā satthu parinibbānakāle paṭhavīkampanadevadundubhi- phalanādike 1- disvā sañjātasaṃvegena vuttagāthā.

Bahussutotiādikā tisso gāthā theraṃ pasaṃsantehi saṅgītikārehi ṭhapitā. Tattha gatimantoti asadisāya ñāṇagatiyā samannāgato. Satimantotiparamena sati- nepakkena samannāgato. Dhitimantoti asādhāraṇāya byañjanatthāvadhāraṇasamatthāya dhitisampattiyā samannāgato. Ayaṃ hi thero ekapadeyeva ṭhatvā saṭṭhipadasahassāni satthārā kathitaniyāmeneva gaṇhāti, gahitañca suvaṇṇabhājane pakkhittasīhavasā viya sabbakālaṃ na vinassati, aviparītabyañjanāvadhāraṇasamatthāya satipubbaṅgamāya paññāya atthāvadhāraṇasamatthāya paññāpubbaṅgamāya satiyā ca samannāgato. Tenāha bhagavā "etadaggaṃ bhikkhave mama sāvakānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ bahussutānan"tiādiṃ. 2- Tathā cāha dhamma- senāpati "āyasmā ānando atthakusalo"tiādiṃ. 3- Ratanākaroti saddhammaratanassa ākarabhūto.

@Footnote: 1 Ma. duddarubhi.... 2 aṅ.ekaka. 20/219/25 etadaggavagga

@3 aṅ.pañcaka. 22/169/225 khippanisantisutta

Pariciṇṇoti gāthā parinibbānakāle therena bhāsitā, sā vuttatthā eva.

Ānandattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Paramatthadīpaniyā theragāthāsaṃvaṇṇanāya

tiṃsanipātassa atthavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.